中国城市化与经济发展水平关系的省际格局

认识中国省际尺度上城市化与经济发展水平之间关系具有重要的理论和实践意义。基于世界上120个国家或地区与中国31个省区的经验数据，采用改进的象限图方法，分析了中国城市化与经济发展水平之间关系的空间格局。研究表明：①全国31个省级单元划分为6种类型。城市化严重超前型3个，城市化中度超前型2个，城市化轻微超前型8个，基本协调型4个，城市化中度滞后型5个，城市化轻微滞后9个。②省际尺度上城市化与经济发展水平之间关系存在着显著的区域差异。③城市化与经济发展水平关系的省际格局呈明显的东西差异。东部沿海地区以城市化超前经济发展水平类型为主，而中西部地区则以城市化滞后经济发展为主。④城市化与经济发展水平之间关系类似马太效应。得出2个重要的启示，一是当前中国不少发达省区中的城市化超前现象值得关注和警惕；二是中西部地区部分省区的城市化进程仍然需要适度加快。

The Provincial Pattern of the Relationship between China's Urbanization and Economic Development

Understanding of the relationship between China's urbanization and economic development on provincial scale is of profound theoretical and practical significance. Based on the experience data of the 120 countries or regions in the world and 31 provinces (autonomous regions) in China, applying improved methods of quadrant map approach, this paper has a analysis of the relationship and spatial pattern between China's urbanization and economic development. Results are shown as follows. ① The 31 provincial-level units are divided into six types. The type of sharp over-urbanization is 3, the type of medium over-urbanization is 2, the type of slight over-urbanization is 8, the type of basic coordination is 4, the type of medium under-urbanization is 5, and the type of slight under-urbanization is 9. ② The relationship between urbanization and the level of economic development has significant regional differences on provincial scale. ③ The provincial pattern of urbanization and economic development presented a significant east-west difference. The eastern coastal areas are mainly over-urbanization, while the central and western regions are mainly under-urbanization. ④ The relationship between urbanization and the level of economic development is similar to Matthew effect. Two important insights are proposed. One is that the phenomenon of over-urbanization in some developed regions should be viewed and vigilant with some concern. The other is that the urbanization needs to be speeded up in the central and western regions.