旅游景观生态系统功能优化研究初探

在旅游业迅速发展与快速蔓延的趋势下，如何协调旅游目的地的人地关系，促进区域的可持续发展，是极 具理论与应用价值的科学问题。研究利用景观生态学的基本原理，从要素相互作用关系出发，将旅游景观生态系统 的功能视作各要素相互作用所形成的相应于人类社会需求的表现形式。在此基础上，分析了功能的类型、特征与结 构，总结了功能变化的影响因素，并强调促进要素协调与优化空间配置是实现旅游景观生态系统功能优化研究的 重要途径。

Pr eliminary Resear ch on Function Optimization of the Tour ism Landscape Ecosystem

Quickly development and spread is the tendency of tourism industry. Therefore, it is a valuable scientific issue to study how to harmonize the human-environment relationship, so as to promote the sustainable development of tourism destination. Based on the theory of landscape ecology, this article proposes that the function of tourism landscape ecosystem is the representation according to the demand of human society and is the result of reciprocity between ecosystem elements, which are tourists, residents and environments. The functions of the tourism landscape ecosystem consist of ecological functions and tourism functions. And the structure of the functions can be divided into relation structure and spatial structure. The former is the interrelation and status of elements, and the latter is the spatial pattern of elements. Furthermore, this article poses the following function characteristics of tourism landscape ecosystem. Firstly, ecological functions and tourism functions interact and sustain one other. Secondly, functions present different degrees in process. Thirdly, the spatial pattern tends to be a network. Fourthly, varying elements will lead to functional changes in the tourism landscape ecosystem. Then, this article analyzes the factors driving the function change. Finally, the methods to optimize the function are summarized, which are the harmonization of elements and optimization of spatial patterns.