基于母子企业联系的东北三省城市网络特征

基于母子企业联系数据构建城市关联矩阵,借鉴社会网络分析法从网络密度、中心性、凝聚子群3方面分析东北三省城市网络结构特征,并对企业联系视角下的区域组织结构特征进行深入探讨。结果表明：① 区域网络发展处于逐步完善阶段,省域尺度下的网络密度（D）存在明显差异、总体呈现出“ D_{\mathrm{吉}} > D_{\mathrm{辽}} > D_{\mathrm{黑}} ”格局,省内联系普遍较高而跨省域联系则相对不足;② 网络中心性呈现出极化特征、区域中心城市在网络中处于主导地位,受中心城市的“虹吸效应”、其周边地区存在明显的“灯下黑”现象;③ 区域企业联系的小团体现象突出,四大城市是区域联系中心且发展速度快,边缘城市缺乏核心而经济发展缓慢。基于母子企业联系,认为东北三省城市网络总体呈“多核心网络状”组织结构,而在省域尺度上则显示出“单核放射状”“轴-辐”式和“双核”结构组织模式。

Urban Network Characteristics in the Three Provinces of the Northeastern China Based on Headquarter-affiliate Enterprises Connection

Based on the headquarter-affiliate enterprises connection data, the urban association matrix is constructed. The social network analysis method is used to analyze the urban network structure characteristics of Liaoning, Jilin and Heilongjiang provinces in the northeastern China from the perspective of network density, in-degree and out-degree of centrality and cohesion subgroups. The characteristics of regional organizational structure are discussed in depth from the perspective of enterprise linkages. The results show that: 1) The development of regional networks is in a stage of gradual improvement. There is a significant difference in network density at the provincial scale. The overall density of Jilin Province is greater than that of Liaoning Province, which is larger than that of Heilongjiang Province. The associations in the province are generally higher and the inter-provincial linkages are relatively insufficient. 2) The centrality of the network shows polarization characteristics, and the regional central city is in a dominant position in the network. Due to the ‘siphon effect’ of the central city, there is a clear ‘wicked under the light’ phenomenon in its surrounding areas. 3) The phenomenon of small groups linked by regional enterprises is prominent. Shenyang, Dalian, Changchun, Harbin, the four major cities are regional contact centers and the development speed is fast. Economic development is slow due to the lack of core in marginal cities .Based on the relationship of parent-subsidiary enterprises, the study considers that the urban networks of Liaoning, Jilin and Heilongjiang provinces in the northeastern China are generally ‘multi-core network’ organizational structure, while on the provincial scale, they show organizational models of ‘dual-nuclei’‘axis-spoke’ and ‘single-core radial’.