西北五省区经济开发区空间格局演变与主导产业变迁

在我国经济进入新常态发展阶段的背景下，经济开发区的空间布局优化和主导产业转型升级事关区域经济协同发展、创新驱动发展和高质量发展。本文选取西北五省区作为研究对象，根据官方发布的国家级和省级开发区数据，利用核密度分析和多距离空间聚类分析等方法探讨该区域经济开发区2006年和2017年空间格局演变及主导产业变迁过程，得到以下结论：（1） 2006年和2017年西北五省区经济技术开发区均呈现明显的空间集聚，集聚强度增大，并呈现差异化的集聚扩散模式。（2） 五省区开发区在特定范围内的空间分析尺度上显著集聚，2006—2017年间集聚程度和强度有不同程度的提高。（3） 五省区开发区整体产业结构并没有发生根本性变化，但主导产业为战略性新兴产业的经济开发区数量和所占比例均有较大幅度的提升，不同类型主导产业的开发区在空间上呈现明显的变迁差异：技术密集型产业更倾向于在“西安—兰州—银川”集聚片区集聚；劳动密集型产业一方面在“乌昌石—奎屯—喀什”沿边集聚带强化集聚，另一方面，在“西安—兰州—银川”集聚片区的集聚中心逐步从兰州转移到了西安地区；资金密集型产业在新疆“乌昌石—奎屯—喀什”沿边集聚带和西安市与兰州市之间的“通道状”集聚区强化集聚；战略性新兴产业为主导的开发区在西安市和乌鲁木齐市集聚。

Spatial pattern evolution and leading industries change in economic development zones of five provinces in northwest China

The economic development zones are the impetus of regional economic growth.Under the background of the new normal of the economy,the optimization of spatial pattern of economic development zones and the transformation and upgrading of leading industries are the core to the coordinated development of regional economy,innovation driven development and high quality development.This paper selects the five northwestern provinces as the research area,uses the nuclear density analysis and multi distance spatial cluster analysis to explore the spatial pattern evolution of and leading industries change the regional economic development zones in 2006 and 2017 according to the officially released national and provincial development zone data.The following conclusions are obtained: (1) In 2006 and 2017,the economic development zones of the five provinces shows an obvious spatial agglomeration,the intensity of agglomeration is increasing.(2) The economic development zones of the five provinces have significant agglomeration on the spatial analysis scale within a certain region,and the degree and intensity of agglomeration have been greatly improved.(3) Five provinces and regions development zone as a whole industrial structure and fundamental change does not occur,but the number of economic development zone,leading industry as the strategic emerging industries and are a significant proportion of ascension,of different types of leading industry development zone in space presents obvious differences: the change of technology intensive industries tend to be in the “xi’an lanzhou yinchuan” agglomeration area concentration;On the one hand,labor intensive industries strengthen agglomeration along the border of “wuchangshi kuitun kashi”.The capital intensive industry as the leading industry in the “wuchangshi kuitun kashi” border agglomeration belt and the “passageway” agglomeration area of xi’an and lanzhou city in xinjiang;Strategic emerging industries development zones gather in xi’an and urumqi.