国际旅游岛建设以来海南省产业空间分异格局及其驱动机制

采用产业区位基尼系数、地理集中率、产业梯度系数和回归分析等方法,从产业整体、三次产业和字母行业3个层面分析国际旅游岛建设以来海南省产业空间分异格局及其驱动机制。结果表明,目前海南省产业整体和多数产业特别是第三产业与多数资本和技术密集型服务业、生产性服务业空间分异程度高,主要分布于少数沿海非民族市县,呈明显的沿海-内陆、非民族-民族地区与北-南向类似U型的分异格局;产业整体、三次产业与10个字母行业从业人员数空间分异趋于加剧,空间分布趋于向少数市县集中,而产业整体和三次产业增加值与6个字母行业从业人员数空间分异趋于减缓,空间分布基本趋于向北部沿海地区以南分散,意味着海南国际旅游岛建设带来了旅游相关产业规划所确定的重点产业的空间拓展;海南省产业空间分异格局是要素禀赋作用效应、循环累积因果效应、分工经济效应、制度诱导效应、空间近邻效应和外部经济效应叠加的结果。结果基本验证了中国产业空间分异的一些研究结论,也表明海南省需要扶持内陆和民族地区发展公共服务业和优势产业,适度引导产业向部分内陆和民族市县集中和分散,以增强产业空间布局的均衡性。

Spatial Differentiation Pattern of Industrial Development in Hainan Province and Its Driving Mechanism Since the Construction of the International Tourism Island

It has vital sense on impelling the coordinate and balanceable development of regional economy to study the spatial differentiation pattern of industrial development. At the same time, Hainan Province is an important area with a strategic role in China's overall development, but it is still an underdeveloped province. It is necessary to optimize the industrial spatial layout for promoting the construction of the Hainan Free Trade Zone and Free Trade port, and achieving coordinated and balanced development of regional economy in Hainan Province. Moreover, this paper, using the methods of industrial location Gini coefficient, geographical concentration rate, industrial gradient coefficient and regression analysis, analyzed comprehensively the spatial differentiation pattern and its driving mechanism in Hainan province since the construction of the International Tourist Island in 2009 from three levels of overall industry, three industries and letter industries. The results shown as follows: fistly, the overall industry and most industries, especially the tertiary industry, the most capital-intensive and technology-intensive service industries, and productive service industries had a higher degree of spatial differentiation, which distributed mainly in a few coastal non-ethnic cities and counties and shown obvious differentiation pattern of coast-inland, non-ethnic ethnic areas and similar U-shaped in the north-south direction. Secondly, in the aspect of the employment number of overall industry, three industries and 10 letter industries, the spatial differentiation tended to aggravate, and the spatial distribution tended to concentrate in a few cities and counties, especially coastal non-ethnic cities and counties, while in the aspect of the added value of overall industry, three industries and the employment number of 6 letter industries, the spatial differentiation tended to slow down, and the spatial distribution tended basically to disperse southward from the northern coastal areas, which meant that the strategic implementation of the International Tourist Island has brought spatial expansion of the key industries identified by planning, such as some tourism-related industries. Additionally, the pattern of industrial spatial differentiation in Hainan Province is the result of comprehensive action of factor endowment effect, circular cumulative causal effects, division economic effects, institutional inductive effects brought about by the implementation of Hainan International Tourism Island Construction Strategy, spatial neighbor effects, and external economic effects. The study verified basically some research conclusions on industrial spatial differentiation, and also indicated that Hainan Province need pay more attention to develop public services and advantageous industries in the inland and ethnic areas, and guide appropriately the concentration and dispersion of industries to some inland and ethnic cities and counties, so as to increase the balance of industrial spatial layout.