台湾海峡及邻近海域4种头足类的食性和营养级研究

本文研究中国枪乌贼、杜氏枪乌贼、目乌贼和短蛸4种头足类的食性与营养级.结果表明,中国枪乌贼和杜氏枪乌贼整年摄食率都高,目乌贼在春、夏季高,短蛸则在秋季摄食率高.4种头足类胃饱满系数皆呈现明显的季节变化.中国枪乌贼属游泳生物食性类型,杜氏枪乌贼和目乌贼属游泳动物和底栖动物混合食性类型,短蛸属浮游动物和底栖生物食性类型.4种头足类混合饵料的营养级分别为2.62、2.85、2.88和2.04级,均处于第三营养层次.其食物的重叠指数均超过0.7,食物重叠明显,对该海域的鱼类、甲壳动物(长尾类和短尾类)、头足类、糠虾类、端足类、樱虾类、腹足类等饵料生物存在激烈的竞争.

Study on feeding habits and nutrient level of four cephalopod species from Taiwan Strait and its adjacent areas

The feeding habits and nutrient levels of Loligo chinesis,L. duvaucelii, Sepia aculeate, and Octopus ocellatus were studied in thispaper. The results show that Loligo chinesis and L. duvaucelii, have thehigh feeding intensity in whole year. The feeding intensity of Sepia aculeateis the higher in spring and summer,and Octopus ocellatus is the highestin auturmn. The full coefficient in stomach of four cephalopod species changes in different seasons distinctly.Thefeeding ecological type of Loligo chinesis belongs to nekton type. The feeding type of L.duvaucelii and Sepia aculeate belong to nekton -benthophagous type,and Octopus ocellatus belongs to zooplanktons -benthos type.Theirnutrient levelsare 2.62,2.85, 2.88and 2.04,respectively, which are the third nutrition layer.The overlap index of diet among the four species of cephalopod is over 0.7. Their food overlaps prominently,so they are in a fierce rivalry on diets resource,such as fish,Crustacea (Macrura and Brachyura),Cephalopoda,Mysidacea,Amphipoda,Sergestidae,Gastropoda in the Taiwan Strait and its adjacent areas.