西安市地铁3号线不良地质问题及对策研究

地铁3号线是西安市轨道交通线网中西南至东北方向的主骨架线,由于西安市特殊的地质环境,工程建设中会遇到地面沉降和地裂缝等不良地质问题,因此,必须在工程建设前对3号线沿线地面沉降和地裂缝的发生原因、分布范围及发展趋势仔细进行研究。通过对地铁3号线沿线的实地踏勘,对前人研究资料的收集与分析认为,地铁3号线涉及了辛家庙、胡家庙、金花南路、观音庙、小寨5个老沉降中心和高新区、曲江新区2个新沉降中心,老沉降中心及曲江沉降中心目前沉降速率均较低,危险性小,新沉降中心鱼化寨目前地面沉降速率较大,危险性中等;地铁3号线与7条地裂缝在12个地段相交,其中危险性大的有6处,危险性中等的有5处,危险性小的有1处,要特别注意从吉祥村到小寨段与f7地裂缝的相交段。根据地面沉降和地裂缝对地铁工程影响的特点,提出了相应的防治措施。文中研究成果对西安地铁建设具有很好的参考价值。

Adverse geological problems and countermeasure of Xi’an Metro Line 3

The Metro Line 3 is the main framework line from southwest to northeast of Xi’an City Rail Transit Network. Due to the special geological environment, construction will encounter land subsidence, ground fissures, and other adverse geological problems. So it is very necessary to make clear of the cause of formation, location and development tendency of ground fissures and land subsidence along the Metro Line 3. Through site investigation and analysis of previous research results, the authors think that the Metro Line 3 will pass through five old subsidence centers (Xinjia Temple, Hujia Temple, Jinhua South Road, Guanyin Temple, Xiaozhai) and two new subsidence centers (High-tech Zone and Qujiang New District). At present, the settlement rate of the old subsidence centers and Qujiang subsiding center are lower; and their danger is low. But the settlement rate of the Yuhuazhai section of the new subsiding center is high; and its danger is medium. The Metro Line 3 intersects the seven ground fissures at twelve locations. Six locations have great risk, five locations have medium risk and one location has small risk. And special attention should be paid to the intersection segment of the Metro Line 3 and ground fissure f7 (from Jixiang village to Xiaozhai). Corresponding countermeasure are put forward based on the effect of the subsidence and earth fissures on subway. This researth has great helpful to the construction of Xi’an Metro.