皖南低丘茶园土壤动物群落结构研究

本文是1986年10月—1988年10月对皖南低丘茶园土壤动物群落结构调查和研究的结果。调查期间共获大、中、小型土壤动物9468个,分别隶属于6门13纲37类。其中线虫类、螨类和蚁类为优势类群;线蚓类、弹尾类、鞘翅类幼虫、双翅类幼虫、蜘蛛类为常见类群,两者共占全捕量的94.03％。中小型土壤动物平均密度为1—2万个/m~2,大型土壤动物密度为200—500个/m~2。30年树龄茶园土壤动物群落的组成和数量最丰富,多样性、均匀性和密度-类群指数最高,其变化规律一般是30年茶园>20年茶园>15年茶园;7年树龄茶园群落土壤动物个体数虽少,但组成并不贫乏,且分布均匀,故多样性与密度-类群指数较高。土壤结构较好的黄红壤茶园各项指数大于土层薄、排水不良的黄棕壤茶园。群落各项指数秋季均大于春季。

COMMUNITY STRUCTURES OF SOIL FAUNA ON THE HILLY TEA GARDEN, SOUTHERN ANHUI PROVINCE

From 1986 to 1988, in the tea garden of the low hill of Southern Anhui, 9 468 individual faunas were collected. They belong to 6 phyla, 13 classes and 37 genera, among which the dominant genera are Nematoda, Acari and Formicidae; the common-seen genera are Enchytra-eidae, Collembola, Coleoptera, Diptera, Araneida. These two constitute 94.03% of the total collected population. Species, individual numbers anl the index of H, E, D'G for the soil fauna communities of 30 years' tea garden are richer than 20 years' tea garden, and in turn the latter richer than 15 years'. These index are also richer in tea garden located on the yellowish red earth than on yellowish brown earth.