张掖城市湿地保护区生态需水量分析与计算

浅埋的地下水位以及泉水溢出是张掖城市湿地形成的主要原因。在充分考虑保持湿地现状的同时，顾及到湿地区内农耕区不至于因地下水位变化而产生负茴环境地质影响。将2005年8月份湿地保护区水位埋深，确定为保持湿地现状的地下水位埋深临界值。按照张掖城市湿地保护区的基本特征、表现、生态保护目标，生态需水量主要包括湿地植被蒸腾量、湿地土壤蒸发量、灌溉需水量以及景观建设需水量等。计算得生态需水量为3053．87×10^4m^3/a。湿地生态需水量的分析与计算对于制定合理的湿地保护措施具有重要意义。

ANALYSIS AND COMPUTATION OF ECOLOGICAL WATER REQUIREMENT FOR WETLAND RESTORATION IN ZHANGYE CITY

Shallow groundwater and spring water overflowing are the main reasons for the wetland formation in Zhangye city. Fully considered keeping wetland situation and negative influence to the agriculture area caused by the change of subsoil water level in wetland, so we take the wetland reserve buried depth of groundwater in August of 2005 as the critical value. According to basic characteristics, manifestations, aim of ecological protection, ecological water requirement which including of wetland transpiration of vegetation, wetland soil evaporation, irrigation requirement and landscape construction water requirement and so on, we obtained by calculation the ecological water requirement is 3 053.87 ×10^4m^3/a. The analysis and computation of wetland ecological water requirement is meaningful for working out properly measures of the wetland protection.