油气和含油气包裹体及其在油气地质地球化学研究中的意义

本文在综合前人研究的基础上，结合笔者的工作经验，提出了一个实用的油气和含油气包裹体分类方案，详细论述了各类油气和含油气包裹体的相态、组成和均一温度特征。在同一油气藏，均一温度越高，油相包裹体中的气态烃和挥发份的含量也越高。依据油相包裹体的均一温度的变化及其与同生水溶液包裹体的均一温度的关系可以研究油气藏在充填过程中油气组成，特别是气态烃和挥发份含量的演变。进而可以研究油气藏的油源--生油岩的类型和热演化程度。本文评述了依据油相包裹体和同生水溶液包裹体ＰＶＴ相图推断其捕获温度和压力范围的有效性和局限性。最后讨论了各类油气和含油气包裹体的成因机制及其在油气地质和地球化学研究中的意义。

Hydrocarbon Inclusions: Implications to Petroleum Geology and Geochemistry

In this paper, a practical approach is presented to classify the hydrocarbon and hydrocarbon bearing inclusions based on recent studies published by others as well as the authors' own research experience in this field. The properties of fluid phases, compositions and homogenization temperatures of various types of hydrocarbon and hydrocarbon bearing inclusions have been described and studied in details. In a reservoir, the higher the homogenization temperatures of the oil inclusions, the higher the contents of gas and volatile short chain compounds. Based on the variation of homogenization temperatures and the relationship of homogenization temperatures between oil inclusions and associated aqueous inclusions, the variation of contents of gas and volatile short chain compounds in a reservoir could be elucidated.Furthermore, the efficiency and limitation of the method to determine the entrapment temperatures and pressures of fluid inclusions based on PVT diagrams of oil inclusions and associated aqueous inclusions are evaluated. Finally, some possible models have been presented to interpret the entrapments of various types of hydrocarbon and hydrocarbon bearing inclusions and their implications to petroleum geology and geochemistry are discussed as well.