涌流型浊流形成及发展的实验模拟

对涌流型浊流及底流型浊流的动量方程进行了比较,结果表明涌流型浊流不仅从其前部卷吸水体,同时从其顶面卷吸水体。在 0°、5°、10°底坡上开展的涌流型浊流的模拟实验发现 :涌流型浊流的悬浮云是悬伸而向前凸出的,在横向上形成近乎周期性出现的船艄形的凸起和凹陷;涌流型浊流的主体比头部运动速度快,运动过程表现为波浪式前进、后波超前波的特征;涌流型浊流的流体厚度及速度与搬运距离和底坡成正比;流体密度在其底部较大,顶部较小,而底流型浊流不具上述特征。

The Simulation Experiment of Surge-Type Turbidity Current Formation and Development

The momentum equation of underflows-type turbidity and surge-type turbidity current is compared in this paper,and the result indicates that the surge-type turbidity current entrains water not only through its upper surface but also through its front. At the slope of 0°,5°,10°, surge-type turbidity current experiments reveals that the head of the turbidity current is overhanging and is divided transversely into roughly periodic buttock-shaped lobes and clefts, on account of the mixing, the body of a turbidity current in deep water flows about 25% faster than the head, the moment process of the surge-type turbidity current shows the characteristics of wave, and back-wave transcendental front-wave. the turbidity current consumes itself in the process of mixing into the ambient medium. The flow height and velocity of surge-type turbidity current is proportional to the motion distance and under slope. Close to the bottom of the turbidity current, there is a considerable increase in density and there may even be a thin layer with bed-load flow. There is not such characteristic in the underflow-type turbidity current.