塔里木河下游绿色走廊生态输水对沙漠化逆转的影响

 自2000年起实施向塔里木河下游应急生态输水以来,通过修建从博斯腾湖引水的第二输水系统和上、中游综合治理与灌区节水改造,5 a累计从大西海子水库输水17\^64亿m3,沿河自上至下改善生态面积达800 km2,补给地下水11亿m3,实现了下游河道季节流水和尾闾的积水,并使地下水位回升,初步恢复了塔里木河下游水流系统。这是下游绿色走廊在极端干旱荒漠生态系统中维持稳定的重要因子,为使其充分发挥生态功能,还需期待绿色走廊的生态植被复苏和扩展,为此,仍需每年继续输水,才能直接发挥防沙治沙效益。

Impact of Ecological Water Transport to Green Corridor on Desertification Reversion at Lower Reaches of Tarim River

Since implementation of ecological water transport in emergency into lower reaches of Tarim River in 2000, the transporting water amount accumulated to 17\^64×108 m3 from Daxihaizi Reservoir for 5 years, the improved ecological area reached as 800 km2, the replenishment amount of groundwater was 11×108 m3 through setting up the second diversion system from Bosten Lake, comprehensively control the upper and middle reaches and improving water-saving system of irrigation districts. Thus, seasonal water flow in courses of lower reaches and seeper of end-lake were realized, and the groundwater level has been re-raised, the water flow system has initially come back in lower reaches of Tarim River. This is the important factor maintaining the stabilization of the green corridor of lower reaches in extremely arid desert ecosystem. It is still expected resuscitating and extending of ecological vegetation covers for the green corridor in order to bring ecological function into fullplay. Therefore, green corridor still needs transporting water continuously every year so as to directly prevent and control sand disasters.