GPS/GLONASS组合静态相位相对定位算法

论文介绍了GPS/GLONASS组合静态相位相对定位模型，将GLONASS双差观测方程的模糊度参数表示成参考卫星的单差模糊度和双差模糊度参数；用误差分析法证明了单差模糊度按实参数估计不影响基线解算精度，而GLONASS双差模糊度必须按整参数进行解算；用Helmert方差分量估计确定GPS和GLONASS观测值的合理权比。实际观测数据处理结果表明：GPS/GLONASS组合定位较单一系统解算的基线精度均有提高，尤其比GLONASS单系统的解算精度有显著提高，比GPS单系统的精度也有适当提高，其中单历元基线解算精度约提高了10%，当单一系统的可用卫星数少于4颗时，GPS/GLONASS组合定位更具有应用价值。

An Algorithm of Combined GPS/GLONASS Static Relative Positioning

The model of combined GPS/GLONASS static relative positioning is introduced. The ambiguities of double difference GLONASS observations are expressed as the single difference ambiguity of reference satellite and double difference ambiguities. It is proved via error analysis that the single difference ambiguity of GLONASS can be solved as a real number, while the double difference ambiguities must be solved as integer parameters. And the weights of GPS and GLONASS observations are determined by using Helmert variance component estimation. The numerical examples with real GPS/GLONASS observations indicate that the accuracy of combined GPS/GLONASS positioning is better than that of a single system positioning. Especially, compared with the single GLONASS system, the accuracy is greatly improved, and compared with single the GPS system, the improvement is about 10% in the case of single epoch baseline solution. When available satellites of a single system are less than four, combined GPS/GLONASS positioning has more advantages.