城市应急管理模型之设计

随着城市建设的快速发展 ,各类危及国家和人民群众生命财产安全的突发性事故灾害时有发生 ,尽管各有关部门的抢救队伍在实施抢险救援中发挥了积极作用 ,但各抢险救援力量专业单一、分散行动 ,形成不了合力 ,难以及时有效处置重大或特大突发性、综合性、大面积的城市事故灾害 ,特别是像地震以及的美国的 9 1 1那样突发性事故。我们目前开展的震害预测与灾害快速评估系统只是针对地震的 ,而地震是小概率事件。因此要应对城市各种重大突发事件 ,城市有必要建立一种应急机制或综合的应急管理信息系统。根据“数字城市”的思想 ,通过一个通信系统与信息系统集成的平台 ,统一协调公安、消防、急救、交警、公共事业、民防、地震等政府部门 ,为市民提供快速、及时的各种救助和相应的服务。统一报警、统一指挥、快速反应、联合行动 ,从而有效地减少损失。

The Design on City Emergency Management Model

By rapidly developing of city construction, the emergency events that endanger national security and people's safety occurred on occasion.Although the relevant department plays a positive role in the relief and rescue actions,but the rescue potence divided by specialty and acted separately,it is difficulty to form resultant force and to treat some catastrophes such as great earthquake and large scale terrorism attack like Sept.11 event in U.S.The earthquake loss estimation and rapid assessment system that we developed recently is just for earthquake event,but earthquake is small probability event,the system can not be used in sufficiency,therefore it is necessary to build an emergency management system and comprehensive emergency information system to treat outburst event in the city.By using the idea of digital city,the author proposed a new model that coordinated public security,fire fighting,first aid,traffic police,civil defend,seismological bureau etc.different governmental department as an united agency by communication system and information integrated platform to provide citizen a timely rapid service on relief and rescue,realize unitive alarm,unitive commanding,rapid response,united acting and reduce the loss of hazard effectively.