中国服务业空间差异的影响因素 与空间分异特征

结合相关分析、回归分析等方法深入剖析中国服务业空间差异的影响因素,进而运用聚类分析和Theil系数探讨中国三大地带间、三大地带内和31个省(区,市)服务业发展的空间分异特征。研究表明:经济发展水平、城市发展程度、市场发育程度、交通通信水平、经济全球化水平和人力资源丰度是影响中国服务业发展空间差异的主要因素;根据31个省(区,市)服务业发展水平的差异,将其划分为发达、次发达、较发达、欠发达和不发达五个基本区域类型;中国服务业空间分异的基本格局总体稳定、略有波动;不同省(区,市)服务业内部结构存在着明显的梯度差异;1990年以来,中国服务业发展的整体差异水平扩张迅速,而三大地带间、地带内的区域差异变动较为缓和,东部地带内省际差异进一步扩大,对全国总体差异的影响最大。

Analysis on influenting factors and characteristics of spatial disparity in Chinese service industry

In an information-oriented economy, service industry becomes more and more significant in social and economic development. Since the implementation of the reform and opening up policy started in 1978, service industry has developed rapidly in China. But the growth of Chinese service industry is characterized by regional disequilibrium. Based on correlative analysis and regression analysis, the factors influencing regional disequilibrium of Chinese service industrial development are explored. Furthermore, this paper studies the inter-regional, intra-regional and inter-provincial disparities of Chinese service industry development by Theil coefficient and cluster analysis. The following conclusions are drawn. Firstly, per capita GDP, urbanization level, market scale, level of transportation and telecommunication, economic globalization and human resource are the six major factors affecting Chinese service industrial development. Especially, the levels of per capita GDP and urbanization are the main elements promoting the Chinese service industrial growth. Secondly, using cluster analysis method, the interprovincial service industry development can be divided into five ranks in the geographical space. Stability dominates the evolution of spatial structure of Chinese service industrial development. But intra-provincial disparity of service industrial development is significant. Thirdly, regional disparity in Chinese service industrial development has become more and more obvious at a higher speed since the 1990s. Intra-region disparity, especially disparity in eastern China, is the main contributor to the regional disparity. It is thus necessary to promote the overall and balanced development of Chinese service industry bewteen different regions.