陕西苹果干旱指数研究及基于县域单元的苹果干旱风险分布

为了有效利用气候资源,趋利避害,合理规划和发展陕西苹果产业,促进县域苹果种植布局优化和健康、可持续生产,结合陕西省苹果种植区地理、气候的实际特征,计算和分析了代表不同气候类型的4个代表县的苹果各生育期的干旱指数;并对4个代表县进行了分生育期的苹果干旱风险分布分析。结果显示:萌芽—幼果期是陕西苹果全生育期旱情最重时段,其次是果实膨大期和着色—成熟期,再次是越冬期;延安果区苹果全生育期的旱情在整个陕西果区最为严重,其次是渭北东部果区,再次是渭北西部果区,关中果区苹果全生育期旱情相对最轻。研究成果可为陕西苹果不同生育期、不同果区的防旱抗灾工作开展和县域单元内苹果产业防灾减灾决策提供参考。

Apple Drought Index and Apple Drought Risk Distribution in Shaanxi at County Level

In order to make full use of climate resources,pursue better benefits while avoiding disadvantages,plan and develop the apple industry in Shaanxi reasonably,and promote the optimization of apple planting layout and the healthful and sustainable production at county level,the apple drought indexes at each growth stages for 4 apple planting counties,which are on behalf of the different climate types,are calculated and analyzed,in combination with the actual geographical and climate features of apple growing areas in Shaanxi Province.The apple drought risk regionalization is conducted for each growth stage and 4 apple planting counties.The results show that the period from apple budding to young fruit appearing is the time in which apple trees are most likely attacked by droughts in Shaanxi in the whole growth period,and the fruit enlargement period is the second,then the period from coloring to mature and the wintering period; in the whole growth period,apple drought in Yan＇an is the most serious,then in the northeastern and northwestern Weihe,and apple drought in Guanzhong is the least serious relatively.The results can be used as references for anti-drought service at different apple growth stages in different apple growing areas in Shaanxi and for decision-making in disaster prevention and mitigation of apple industry.