VIRGO: Experiment for helioseismology and solar irradiance monitoring |
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| Authors: | Claus Fröhlich José Romero Hansjörg Roth Christoph Wehrli Bo N Andersen Thierry Appourchaux Vicente Domingo Udo Telljohann Gabrielle Berthomieu Philippe Delache Janine Provost Thierry Toutain Dominique A Crommelynck André Chevalier Alain Fichot Werner Däppen Douglas Gough Todd Hoeksema Antonio Jiménez Maria F Gómez José M Herreros Teodoro Roca Cortés Andrew R Jones Judit M Pap and Richard C Willson |
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| Institution: | (1) Physikalsch-Meteorologisches Observatorium Davos World Radiation Center, CH-7260 Davos Dorf;(2) Norwegian Space Centre, N-0309 Oslo 3;(3) Space Science Department, ESTEC, NL-2200 AG Noordwijk;(4) Departement Cassini, URA CNRS 1362, Observatoire de la Cote d' Azur, F-06304 Nice Cedex 4;(5) Institut Royal Météorologique de Belgique, B-1180 Bruxelles;(6) Department of Astronomy, University of Southern California, 90089-1342 Los Angeles, CA, USA;(7) Institute of Astronomy and Department of Applied Mathematics and Theoretical Physics, University of Cambridge, CB3 OHA, UK;(8) Center of Space Science and Astrophysics, Stanford University, 94305 Stanford, CA, USA;(9) Instituto de Astrofísica de Canarias, Universidad de La Laguna, E-38071 La Laguna Tenerife;(10) National Optical Astronomy Observatories, 85726-6732 Tucson, Arizona, USA;(11) Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, 91109 Pasadena, CA, USA |
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| Abstract: | The scientific objective of the VIRGO experiment (Variability of solar IRradiance and Gravity Oscillations) is to determine the characteristics of pressure and internal gravity oscillations by observing irradiance and radiance variations, to measure the solar total and spectral irradiance and to quantify their variability over periods of days to the duration of the mission. With these data helioseismological methods can be used to probe the solar interior. Certain characteristics of convection and its interaction with magnetic fields, related to, for example, activity, will be studied from the results of the irradiance monitoring and from the comparison of amplitudes and phases of the oscillations as manifest in brightness from VIRGO, in velocity from GOLF, and in both velocity and continuum intensity from SOI/MDI. The VIRGO experiment contains two different active-cavity radiometers for monitoring the solar  constant , two three-channel sunphotometers (SPM) for the measurement of the spectral irradiance at 402, 500 and 862 nm, and a low-resolution imager (LOI) with 12 pixels, for the measurement of the radiance distribution over the solar disk at 500 um. In this paper the scientific objectives of VIRGO are presented, the instruments and the data acquisition and control system are described in detail, and their measured performance is given.died 13 October 1994 |
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| Keywords: | Helioseismology Total Solar Irradiance Spectral Solar Irradiance Low-Resolution Solar Radiance SOHO Mission |
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