全球变化下作物物候研究进展

作物物候是农作物重要的植物属性,不仅反映作物的生长发育状况,其变化也影响作物产量,是一种能够指示气候变化的综合响应指标。以气温升高为主要标志的全球气候变化对作物物候产生了重要影响,开展全球气候变化下作物物候变化特征及其影响机制研究对于揭示全球变化对作物生长发育过程影响及其产量形成机制具有重要的理论意义和实践价值。目前,作物物候变化及其影响因素是国内外研究的焦点和热点问题,前人已开展了大量而卓有成效的研究工作。本文侧重介绍全球气候变化下作物物候变化的主要研究进展,包括作物物候变化的驱动因子及其影响机制和作物物候主要研究方法,并探讨未来研究仍亟待解决的关键科学问题,以期为深入认识全球气候变化对农业物候的影响机理以及指导区域农业生产实践提供理论依据。

Research progress in crop phenology under global climate change

As one of the most important plant traits of crops, crop phenology reflects the characteristics of crop growth and development; its variation also affects crop production. Therefore, crop phenology is a reliable and comprehensive biological indicator reflecting global climate change. Global climate change, marked by rising temperatures, has exerted significant impacts on crop phenology. Under the background of global climate change, revealing the mechanism of global climate change impacts on crop phenology and growth as well as the formation of crop yield is of theoretical and practical significance. At present, crop phenology shifts and their influencing factors have become a hot research topic and an important international issue, thus a large number of studies have been carried out, and achieved rich and effective results. In this paper, we mainly focus on the research progress of crop phenological changes under the background of climate change, including the driving factors and their influencing mechanisms of crop phenological changes as well as methods of research on crop phenology, and the key scientific issues which need to be solved in future study are also discussed. The conclusions of this research could provide a theoretical basis for understanding the impacts and mechanisms of global climate change on crop phenology and for guiding regional agricultural production practices.