中国城市土地整治综合潜力分区与提升路径

城市土地整治是促进城市土地利用系统正常运转、城市内部要素和谐共生的重要手段。目前对城市土地整治潜力及分区的研究均未能从城市角度建立一个综合的指标体系。立足于城市土地整治的需求,基于“潜力评价—类型划分—-问题识别—提升路径”的框架,开展了全国289个地级以上城市的土地整治综合潜力评价、分区问题识别及提升路径的研究。结果显示：① 中国城市整治综合潜力水平总体上处于中等的水平,不同等级城市之间的整治潜力差异明显;② 中国城市整治综合潜力水平存在显著的地域差异与集聚特征：地域差异总体表现为西部地区>东部地区>中部地区>东北地区;集聚特征表现为高整治潜力区集聚于中国的西南部地区,大规模低整治潜力区集聚于东北地区及内蒙古北部地区;③ 通过对因素层之间及因素层与潜力分级之间的决策分类判断,划定了包括S-NULL综合发展型高潜整治区、M-N自然限制型中潜整治区、L-NE良性发展型低潜整治区、L-NEC暂不适宜型低潜整治区等15个城市土地整治类型区;④ 针对各类型区的限制性因素,进行分区域的问题识别,主要分为综合发展型、集约发展型、经济投入型等八类,并因地制宜地提出目标导向的提升路径。研究方法及结果可作为全国开展城市土地整治的理论参考。

Comprehensive Zoning of Land Consolidation Potential in Cities of China and Optimization Pathways

Land consolidation in urban regions is important for promoting the functional operation of urban land systems and the harmonious coexistence of urban components. To date, studies on urban land consolidation potential and zoning have largely failed to establish a comprehensive index system from the urban perspective. In this paper, based on the demand of urban land consolidation, we used the research framework of "potential assessment-classification-problem identification-optimization pathway." Using hotspot analysis, hierarchical judgment, and other research methods, we evaluated comprehensively the potential of land consolidation in the 289 cities of China, identified zone-specific problems, and proposed improved management strategies. The results show that: (1) The difference of land consolidation potential between different cities is remarkable, the ratio of cities with high consolidation potential and low consolidation potential is low, while the ratio of medium consolidation potential is the highest. There are significant regional differences and agglomeration characteristics regarding the level of urban consolidation potential in China. (2) Based on the decision classification judgment between the three factor layers and between the factor layers and the potential classification, fifteen urban land consolidation types were defined, including S-NULL comprehensive development high-potential consolidation area, M-N naturally restricted medium-potential consolidation area, L-NE benign development low-potential consolidation area, and L-NEC temporarily unsuitable low-potential consolidation area, etc. (3) According to the constraints of various zone types, the problem identification by region was mainly divided into eight types, including the comprehensive development type, intensive development type, economic investment type, natural constraint type, natural applicable type, rational use type, benign development type, and temporary inappropriate type. Based on the identification of zone-specifric problems in urban land remediation, the goal of urban land remediation was clarified, and the improvement pathways of regional goal orientation were proposed according to local conditions. The research methods and the findings can be used as a theoretical reference for urban land consolidation of China.