土地分离与共享框架的研究现状及应用拓展

“土地分离”与“土地共享”是2种不同的土地利用思维方式,反映人类土地利用的决策选择。中国有大量包含土地分离和共享思维的实践,但缺乏将这些实践案例纳入统一体系的研究范式。土地分离与共享框架最初用来探索粮食生产与生物多样性保护的权衡关系。经过10多年的发展,其理论内涵和研究内容不断丰富,是地理资源与环境领域重要的研究议题。论文在解析土地分离与共享框架内涵的基础上,综述土地分离与共享框架的相关研究成果,探讨土地分离与土地共享的策略选择。研究发现土地分离与共享相关研究存在从农业环境主题向城市管理主题转化的趋势,而且除了强调单一生物多样性保护和农业生产外,还有少数研究开始关注碳储存、土壤保持等其他生态系统服务类型;尽管土地分离与土地共享策略各有其优势和局限,但在目前的研究和实践中,土地分离比土地共享更受青睐。论文基于土地的多功能性进一步扩展该框架在城市用地管理中的应用,可为复杂社会—生态系统可持续发展提供路径指导。

Development and prospect of the land-sparing versus land-sharing framework

Land sparing and land sharing are two alternative land-use strategies, which was framed by Green in 2005. The land-sparing versus land-sharing framework was initially designed to explore trade-offs between food production and biodiversity conservation by means of the density-yield curve. A debate on whether the land-sparing strategy or the land-sharing strategy is optimal has been on-going in the last 10 years and it has enriched relevant theories. Considering that there are many land-sparing practices but limited relevant research to provide guidance for land management in China, in this article we introduced the land-sparing versus land-sharing framework as a new perspective. We reviewed 317 articles in the Web of Science database and conducted bibliometric analysis for a better understanding of the context, methodology, and principles of the framework. The current status and historical trend referring to major topics and research subjects were analyzed. We also summarized decision-making options in previous studies and further advanced the framework from two aspects, focusing on land multi-functionality and the parallel between agriculture and urban systems. We found that land-sparing strategy was more prominent comparing with land-sharing strategy in studies and practices around the world in spite of the pros and cons of each. The advanced framework in this study extended the research object from agriculture to urban, and integrated the diversity of ecosystem services. This study may provide some guidance for the sustainable development of the social-ecological system and enrich the theoretical basis of the land-sparing versus land-sharing framework.