珠三角城市群制造业集疏与产业空间格局变动

有序推进不同类型制造业集疏与产业空间格局变动是优化区域空间组织、提升地区竞争力的重要过程。论文基于区县层面的制造业企业汇总数据,在刻画珠三角城市群制造业集疏及其产业空间格局变动的基础上,建立统计模型对其影响因素进行解析。结果表明,空间集聚程度最高的是技术密集型产业,其次是资本密集型产业,最低的是劳动密集型产业。不同类型制造业空间集疏差异促使城市群“核心—边缘”结构进一步强化,核心城市更加专业化发展技术密集型产业,而边缘城市则承接劳动密集型产业。资源环境承载力显著影响了制造业空间格局变动,核心城市土地资源紧缺促使制造业总体和劳动密集型产业向土地资源更加丰富的地区转移,环境压力促使劳动密集型和资本密集型产业向环境容量更大的地方扩散,但资源环境承载力对技术密集型产业影响不明显。另外,区位与交通条件、经济技术水平、制度与政策等对不同类型产业的作用强度和方向也存在显著差异,共同推动珠三角城市群产业转型与制造业空间重构。

Dynamics of manufacturing industry and change of its spatial pattern in the Pearl River Delta urban agglomeration

The spatial restructuring of regional manufacturing industry involves the dispersion of different types of industries and change in industrial spatial structure. It is an important driving force for optimizing regional spatial organization and increasing regional competitiveness. Based on the aggregated data of manufacturing enterprises, this study used county as the basic unit of analysis to explore the spatial reconstruction features of manufacturing space in the Pearl River Delta urban agglomeration. The result shows that, the differences in spatial agglomeration and diffusion of different types of manufacturing industries have led to further change of the "core-periphery" structure of the urban agglomeration. Core cities have become more specialized in the development of technology-intensive industries, while peripheral cities have accommodated labor-intensive industries. Resource and environmental carrying capacity has significantly affected the changes in the spatial pattern of manufacturing industry. The shortage of land resources has prompted the manufacturing industry in general and particularly labor-intensive industries to shift to areas with more abundant land resources. Environmental stress has facilitated the proliferation of labor-intensive and capital-intensive industries in places with greater environmental carrying capacity. However, the impact of resource and environmental carrying capacity on technology-intensive industries is not obvious. In addition, the impact of traffic conditions, technological levels, policies, and other factors on different types of industries is significantly different, which jointly promote the industrial transformation of the Pearl River Delta urban agglomeration.