GIS支持下的全球武装冲突数据体系建设评介

地缘环境安全是国家安全的重要组成部分。准确、精细、及时更新的各类地缘冲突信息是全球地缘风险评估和预警的基础。本文全面回顾了以武装冲突为核心的全球地缘冲突数据体系建设的发展历程,剖析了地理时空定位、大数据挖掘等技术的应用进展。在地理信息系统(GIS)技术支持下,对武装冲突内涵和武装冲突事件数据体系总体框架的理解不断深入,生产出一大批高质量的数据集合或数据产品;地缘冲突在主题上逐渐细化,冲突事件记载的空间定位精度从国家发展到更小尺度的地理位置(经纬度);在网络信息搜索与大数据挖掘技术支持下,武装冲突信息的更新频率从年度更新提高到每小时更新,全球武装冲突数据体系建设初见成效。地缘环境系统科学与地理科学的深度融合、地理大数据与人工智能技术的广泛应用将是推动本学科领域发展的重要动力。

Review on the Construction of Global Armed Conflict Data System Supported by GIS

Geopolitical environment security is an important part of national security. Accurate, refined and timely updated information of various types of geopolitical conflicts is the basis of global geopolitical risk assessment and early warning. Based on the armed conflict datasets, this paper comprehensively reviewed the development of the global geopolitical conflict data system, and analyzed the application progress of geo-spatial and temporal positioning, big data mining and other technologies. Under the support of Geographic Information System (GIS) technology, the understanding of the connotation of armed conflict and the general framework of the data system of armed conflict events has been deepened, a large number of high-quality datasets or data products have been produced. Geopolitical conflicts are gradually refined in the theme, the spatial positioning accuracy of conflict events developed from country to smaller scale geographical location (longitude and latitude). Supported by network information search and big data mining technology, the update frequency of armed conflict events increased from annually update to hourly update, the construction of global armed conflict data system has achieved initial results. The deep integration of geo-environmental system science and geographical science, the wide application of geographic big data and artificial intelligence technology will be the important driving forces for the development of this discipline.