拖曳锚与安装缆绳相互作用力计算方法研究

深水系泊系统及其系泊基础的研发已成为国际海洋工程领域的前沿和关键课题，拖曳锚因其在承载力和深水安装中的诸多优势而具有良好的发展前景。在拖曳锚安装过程中，锚板与安装缆绳在系缆点处发生复杂的相互作用，分析二者之间的相互作用可等价为分析系缆点拖曳力的大小，研究拖曳锚与安装缆绳相互作用力的计算方法对认识锚板在海床土中的受力以及确定拖曳锚安装船的吨位具有重要指导意义。分别基于嵌入缆绳和拖曳锚在海床土中的力学模型，首次推导出适用于黏性土和无黏性土的系缆点拖曳力表达式，并开展模型试验验证，对比两类拖曳力计算方法的精度和稳定性，结果表明，两类计算方法均能合理预测系缆点拖曳力，但基于拖曳锚受力模型获得的表达式更为精确和稳定；通过参数考察，探究系缆点拖曳力预测模型中各参数的影响效应；经过与试验对比，给出关键参数的建议取值，该取值对研究结构与土体的相互作用问题具有重要参考价值。

Study of calculation methods for interactional force between drag anchor and installation cable

The research of deepwater mooring systems and foundations has become a frontal and critical topic in the field of the international ocean engineering. Drag anchors are increasingly used, and it plays a key role in deepwater mooring systems because of better performances both in pullout capacity and deepwater installation. During the drag anchor installation, a complicated interaction happens between the anchor and the installation cable at the shackle. In order to analyze the interaction between the drag anchor and the installation cable effectively, it can be equivalently analyzed through investigating the drag force at the shackle. Studying the calculation methods for the interactional force between the anchor and the installation cable is significant for understanding the forces acting on the anchor in seabed soils and selecting the tonnage of anchor handling vessels. Herein, the expressions of the drag force at the shackle are firstly derived based on the mechanical models for the drag anchor and embedded cable both for cohesive and noncohesive soils. Besides, experimental data are employed to examine the drag force predicted by the developed methods. It is concluded that both the theoretical expressions can reasonably predict the drag force at the shackle. However, the prediction results based on the mechanical model of drag anchors are more accurate and stable. The precision and stability of the two calculation methods for the drag force have been compared. Detailed parametric analysis is also performed for exploring the parametric effects on the prediction models of the drag force at the shackle. Comparing with experimental data, reasonable values of the key parameters in the prediction model are suggested, so as to provide important reference value for analyzing the soil-structure interactional problems.