战略性矿产资源高质量开发利用问题与对策

当今世界主要国家在新一轮矿产资源战略实施中,都将重点指向事关国家经济安全、产业安全、国防安全和科技安全的战略性矿产资源.2016年,我国政府首次发布战略性矿产目录.本文从矿产资源储量、开发利用布局结构、矿产资源管理改革、矿业国际合作等4个方面总结了我国战略性矿产资源开发利用现状,分析了我国战略性矿产资源开发利用中存在的5方面主要问题:后备资源基础不牢、国内资源供应压力大、部分矿产竞争力减弱、科技创新能力有待提高、国际竞争力和话语权不足.在此基础上,提出了促进战略性矿产资源高质量开发利用的思路建议:(1)加强战略性矿产资源勘查开发力度,夯实资源基础;(2)加快构建由"战略性矿种、战略性矿区、战略性企业""三位一体"的战略性矿产资源规划和开发保护体系;(3)加快战略性矿产资源开发利用技术创新,提高绿色发展水平;(4)坚持矿业金融融合战略,积极发挥金融对战略性矿产资源高质量开发利用的精准支撑作用.

Research on High Quality Development of Strategic Mineral Resources Industry

In the new round of implementation of mineral resources strategy, the major countries in the world will focus on the strategic mineral resources related to national economic security, industrial security, national defense security and science and technology security. In 2016, the Chinese government released the strategic mineral inventory for the first time. This paper summarizes the development status of China''s strategic mineral resources in four aspects, i.e., reserves of mineral resources, distribution structure of development and utilization, reformation of mineral resources management and international cooperation of mining industry, and analyzes five main problems existing in the development and utilization of strategic mineral resources in China, i,e., the foundation of reserve resources is weak, the supply pressure of domestic resources is large, the competitiveness of some minerals is weakened, scientific and technological innovation should be improved, international competitiveness and voice are insufficient. In view of such a situation, the paper puts forward some ideas and suggestions to promote the high-quality development and utilization of strategic mineral resources: (1) strengthening the exploration and development of strategic mineral resources and consolidating the resource base; (2) speeding up the construction of a "three in one" strategic mineral resources planning, development and protection system; (3) accelerating the strategic mineral resources development and protection system; (4) adhering to the integration strategy of mining finance and actively playing the precise supporting role of finance for strategic mineral resources.