后疫情时期全球铁矿资源格局分析

铁是我国用量最大、用途最广的金属,新冠肺炎疫情期间国际铁矿石市场出现较多新变化,分析国际铁矿石供需和市场格局变化原因,研判未来趋势,对于保障我国铁矿石资源稳定供应具有重要意义.本文首先分析了新冠肺炎疫情下,全球钢铁产量、铁矿石供应和价格变化趋势,分析发现受新冠肺炎疫情影响,全球铁矿石供需格局进一步集中,呈现"两个国家,两个60％"的格局.即中国钢铁产量在全球地位将进一步提升,接近60％;澳大利亚对全球铁矿海运市场供应地位进一步提升,接近60％.其次,本文预测了未来2～3年中国和全球钢铁需求变化趋势,认为近年来中国钢铁产量增加的主要原因是国家稳定经济增长的需要,未来2～3年我国钢铁产量仍将保持高位,但长期来看我国铁矿石需求高位运行一段时间后降会缓慢下降.最后本文分析了全球铁矿石价格趋势,认为全球铁矿石价格将在2020年4季度冲高回落至100 USD/t以内,未来2～3年铁矿价格将缓慢震荡回落,铁矿价格平台将下移至60～80 USD/t之间.

An Analysis of Global Iron Ore Resource Market Trend in the Post-COVID-19 Period

Iron is the most widely used metal in China. There have been many changes in the international iron ore market due to the covid-19. Analyzing the reasons for the changes in the international iron ore supply, demand and market structure and predicting the future trends are of great significance for the stable supply of iron ore. This paper first analyzes the global steel production, iron ore supply and price trends under the covid-19 and believes that the global iron ore supply and demand pattern is further concentrated, showing a pattern of "two countries, two 60%". That is to say, China''s steel production will further improve its global share, approaching 60%; Australia''s supply share in the global iron ore shipping market will further increase, approaching 60%, because of the covid-19. Secondly, this paper predicts the changing trend of China''s and global steel demand in the next 2-3 years, and believes that the main reason for the increase in China''s steel production in recent years is the country''s need for stable economic growth. China''s steel production will remain high in the next 2~3 years, but in the long run, China''s iron ore demand will slow down after a period of time. Finally, this paper analyzes the global iron ore price trend and believes that the global iron ore price will rise and fall to less than 100 US dollars/ton in the fourth quarter of 2020. The iron ore price will slowly fluctuate and fall down to 60~80 US dollars / ton in the next 2~3 years.