基于GIS的洪水灾害风险区划研究

洪水灾害区划是洪灾评估与管理的重要内容,本文在分析洪灾形成的各主要因子的基础上,提出了基于地理信息系统的洪灾风险区划指标模型,并结合辽河流域具体情况,以降雨、地形和区域社会经济易损为主要指标,得出了辽河流域洪灾风险综合区别。

A GIS-based Approach to Flood Risk Zonation

Flood risk can, ingeneral terms, be defined as probability time consequence. It consists of flood hazardanalysis, vulnerability analysis and damage evaluation . A variety of methods have beendeveloped and applied. Among them, Q uantitative Risk Analysis (QRA) is a method ofquantifying risk through systemat ic examination of the factors contributing to the floodhazard and affecting the severity of flood consequence, their interaction and relativecontribution to t he occurrence of the flood. The QRA technique is well established inmany fields such as chemical engineering and hazardous materials processing. Theapplicatio n of QRA to flood risk is relatively new and still under development. While thebasic risk assessment concepts and tools can be used, the methodologies need to beadapted. Category-based model for flood risk analysis is used to as sign a value to eachdriven-factor such a s triggering factor of rainfall, dam break, ground surface conditionsof topogra phy, land cover, and others. The keys to the model are to synthesis thespatial- referenced data and create the risk zone.