产业集群概念理解的若干误区评析

文章针对在我国学术研究和媒体报道中关于产业集群概念理解中的一些误区进行评析。其误区主要是:(1)把产业集群等同于专业化城市;(2)把产业集群等同于产业部门或特色产业;(3)把产业集群等同于产业的投入产出链;(4)把产业集群等同于企业的地理邻近。文章指出,产业集群是在20世纪80年代中期以后在全球产业分工和信息技术革命条件下出现的产业地方化现象,是与产业区理论、区域创新系统理论等新区域主义学说联系在一起的。通过集群政策促进地方产业升级,首先需要地方政府准确理解产业集群的真正内涵。

Discussion on the Misapprehensions to the Concept of Industrial Clusters

This paper aims to clarify some misapprehensions about the concepts of industrial clusters and those interrelated appearing in recent research and news reports.Four typical misapprehensions are distinguished between industrial clusters and specialized towns,special sectors,industrial chains,and geographical proximity of firms.This paper argues that industrial cluster is a localization phenomenon emerging in the context of global industrial division and information technology revolution,and it is of close correlation to the new regionalism theories such as industrial districts,regional innovation system,etc.For those local governments who are planning to promote local industrial upgrading via cluster policies,the first and foremost important issue would be to apprehend the meaning and implication of such concepts rightly.