基于载荷试验的土体回弹再压缩变形规律及计算方法

载荷试验成果多用于判断土的变形特性和求得土的变形模量、极限荷载等数据。借助卸荷比、回弹比率、再加荷比、再压缩比率等参数对载荷试验成果中的卸荷及再压缩段的变形特征进行分析，发现其发展变化规律与由固结压缩试验得到的规律一致，载荷试验的特点又恰好弥补了固结压缩试验的一些不足，将其成果应用于回弹再压缩变形的计算中是一种有益的探索性研究。结合工程实例，在固结压缩试验数据处理方法的基础上进行合理改进，将载荷试验成果应用于基坑开挖回弹变形与再压缩沉降的计算，计算结果与原有方法的计算结果、工程实测数据对比分析，验证了该种方法的有效性。现有载荷试验数据也有着明显的不足之处，结合变形计算需要，对载荷试验的试验方法提出了改进性意见，为进一步的研究指出了方向。

Regularity and calculation method of rebound deformation and recompression deformation of soil based on bearing test

The application of bearing test achievement is determining deformation properties of foundation soil or to calculate modulus of deformation and ultimate load etc. The phase of unloading and reloading of bearing test is researched through unloading ratio, rebound proportion, reloading ratio, recompression ratio etc. to get the regularity of rebound deformation and recompression deformation; and it is consistent with the law from consolidation test. The characteristics of bearing test can remedy some shortcomings of consolidation test; the exploratory research on applying the bearing test achievement to calculate the rebound deformation and recompression deformation is beneficial. Combined with engineering project, based on the analysis method of consolidation test achievement, some improvement is adopted; and then the new method is applied to calculate the rebound deformation and recompression deformation based on bearing test achievement. Compared the calculating result, the result from original method and the result from engineering measurement, the new calculating method is efficacious. But the shortcoming of the bearing test achievement is obvious; according to the need of new calculating method, some improving suggestions are proposed, so as to point out the direction of the next research step.