偏心系数和锚腚角对固定锚腚拖曳锚运动的影响

为观测和分析安装中拖曳锚在土中的运动特性，自制了由玻璃水槽、拖曳系统和拉力传感器组成的板锚拖曳试验装置。将硅凝胶与水混合制备成了透明土，依据有效重度强度比确定模型锚材料，按照1:50缩尺比例，在自制板锚拖曳试验装置上开展固定锚腚拖曳锚拖曳试验，研究了偏心系数和锚腚角对固定锚腚拖曳锚运动特性的影响规律。结果表明：该试验装置可以直接观测拖曳板锚嵌入土中运动的全过程；锚眼法向偏心距和切向偏心距不是独立参数，偏心系数能综合描述锚眼偏心对板锚在土中运动的影响；锚腚角是影响板锚在土中运动的重要参数，随着锚腚角增加，板锚最终嵌土深度先增加后减小；随着锚眼偏心系数增加，板锚最终嵌土深度先增加后减小；固定锚腚拖曳锚在土中的运动轨迹近似服从负指数函数曲线。

Effects of padeye offset ratio and fluke angle on travel of fixed fluke drag embedded anchor

To observe and analyze the motion characteristics of the drag embedment anchor (DEA) in soil, the dragging experimental apparatus comprised of glass flume, dragging system and tension sensor is established. Transparent soil is prepared using silica gel and water. Based on the ratio of the effective unit weight of plate anchor to the undrained shear strength of soil, the material of the plate anchor is chosen. At the reduced scale of 1:50 in this paper, the dragging experiment of the fixed fluke DEA with the dragging setup is performed. The effects of the padeye offset ratio and fluke angle on the travel trajectory of the fixed fluke DEA are experimentally investigated. The results show that the penetration of the anchor into the soil can be directly observed by the test setup in this paper. The tangential eccentricity and normal eccentricity of padeye are not independent. The padeye offset ratio instead of the padeye eccentricities can describe the effects of padeye offset on the travel trajectory. The fluke angle is an important parameter of influencing the travel trajectory of the fixed fluke DEA in soil. With the fluke angle increasing, the ultimate penetration depth of the fixed fluke DEA firstly increases and then decreases. With the padeye offset ratio increasing, the ultimate penetration depth of the fixed fluke DEA firstly increases and then decreases. The travel trajectory of the fixed fluke DEA in soil approximately follows a negative exponential form.