中国海洋吸虫纲物种多样性的研究

在国家908专项调查和成果集成工作的基础上,结合对海洋吸虫文献资料的收集,分析研究了中国海洋吸虫的物种多样性.其结果表明中国海洋吸虫有1 184种,其中单殖目吸虫410种,复殖目吸虫774种.单殖目的宿主都是硬骨鱼.复殖目物种成虫的宿主主要是鱼,也有爬行纲和兽纲.吸虫感染宿主有些具有专一性,但也有些具有普遍性.宿主的食性、地理分布和季节分布与吸虫感染密切相关.不同于以往70多年来主要进行的分类研究,本文主要探讨海洋吸虫的生活史及与其宿主的关系,这将为水生生物病虫害的防治和海洋物种多样性的研究提供基础资料,具有重要生物学和生态学的意义.

Species diversity of marine trematoda in China

The species diversity of the marine trematoda in the China Sea was evaluated based on data from 908 surveys（Comprehensive Investigation and Assessment of Chinese Coastal Waters） combined with marine trematoda articles.Overall,1 184 species of trematoda from the China Sea were identified,including 410 species of monogeneans and 774 species of digeneans.We also found that the hosts of monogeneans were all teleostean species,while digeneans had a variety of hosts.The hosts of adult digenetics were primarily fish,although there were other hosts including Reptilia and Mammalia species.Moreover,some trematodes showed host specificity,while others did not.The feeding habits,geographical distribution and seasonal distribution of the hosts were all closely related to trematode infection.In contrast to traditional identification conducted over the past 70 years,this study primarily discussed the relationships between the life history of trematoda and their hosts.This study provides a foundation for further study of insect pest prevention and control,as well as marine biodiversity.