| Affiliation: | (1) Dpt. Física, Univ. de les Illes Balears, Palma de Mallorca, Spain;(2) Meteorology and Air Quality Section, Wageningen University, Wageningen, The Netherlands;(3) Met Office, London, U.K;(4) Météo-France, Toulouse, France;(5) European Centre for Medium-range Weather Forecast, Reading, U.K;(6) NASA Langley Research Center, Hampton, VA, U.S.A;(7) Dpt. Física Aplicada, Univ. Polit‘ecnica de Catalunya, Manresa, Spain;(8) NOAA-NCEP, Camp Springs, MD, U.S.A.;(9) IAG G. Lemaître, Université Catholique de Louvain, Louvain la neuve, Belgium;(10) Sandia National Laboratories, Livermore, CA, U.S.A;(11) Japan Meteorological Agency, Tokyo, Japan;(12) Royal Netherlands Met. Institute, KNMI, de Bilt, The Netherlands;(13) West Virginia University, WV, U.S.A;(14) Meteorological Service of Canada, Dorval, Quebec, Canada;(15) Dpt. Meteorology, Stockholm University, Stockholm, Sweden;(16) Swedish Meteorological and Hydrological Institute, Norrkoping, Sweden;(17) York University, York, Canada |
| Abstract: | The parameterization of the stably stratified atmospheric boundary layer is a difficult issue, having a significant impact on medium-range weather forecasts and climate integrations. To pursue this further, a moderately stratified Arctic case is simulated by nineteen single-column turbulence schemes. Statistics from a large-eddy simulation intercomparison made for the same case by eleven different models are used as a guiding reference. The single-column parameterizations include research and operational schemes from major forecast and climate research centres. Results from first-order schemes, a large number of turbulence kinetic energy closures, and other models were used. There is a large spread in the results; in general, the operational schemes mix over a deeper layer than the research schemes, and the turbulence kinetic energy and other higher-order closures give results closer to the statistics obtained from the large-eddy simulations. The sensitivities of the schemes to the parameters of their turbulence closures are partially explored. |
