北京地区坡面径流计算模型的比较研究

利用北京市西南山区房山蒲洼两个坡耕地小区30场降雨径流资料和密云石匣示范区休闲地试验小区13场降雨径流资料,对Chu修正的Mein-Larson-Green-Ampt(GAML)、Phillip、Horton和SCS径流曲线数法4种径流计算公式进行了对比。结果表明：GAML和Phillip计算结果的模型确定性系数较高,Horton入渗曲线和SCS曲线数的计算结果模型确定性系数偏低。根据模型参数的易获得性,建议在北京山区,在有降雨过程资料时,使用Chu修正的GAML入渗曲线进行径流计算;若无降雨过程资料可用SCS径流曲线数进行径计算。本研究结果可用于北京地区径流量预报和水土资源评价。

Study on Runoff Calculation Method in Beijing Mountainous Area

Runoff causes soil erosion and environmental pollution. It is very important for soil loss calculation and soil and water resources evaluation to select suitable runoff calculation method. The 30 single storm data of two conventional tillage plots at Puwa watershed, Fangshan County and 13 single storm data of one fallow plot at Shixia watershed, Miyun County were used. Several runoff calculation methods, including GAML revised by Chu, Phillip, Horton, SCS curve number, were compared. The results showed that the model efficiencies of GAML and Phillip were higher than those of Horton and SCS curve number. According to the parameters easily obtained, GAML revised by Chu is suggested when there are the continuous records of rainfall in Beijing mountainous area. If not, SCS curve number should be used. The results can be served as soil and water evaluation and plan.