水在克里雅河流域生态地理环境中的作用

水是克里雅河流域生态地理环境的主导因素, 依水系分布形成的于田绿洲和天然绿洲共同构成了克里雅河流域生态系统。克里雅河为混合引给型河流, 冰川融雪补给占71%, 故径流年内变化大, 年际变化比较稳定, Cv=0.17。地下水天然补给量大部是地表水转化而来。水资源开发利用中, 既要分析上游绿洲开发对下游的影响, 又要考虑维护下游天然绿洲对上游人工绿洲开发的制约, 统筹兼顾。北部深入塔克拉玛干沙漠200多公里, 沿河阶地, 河漫滩及散流区宽5-10km的天然绿洲, 是保护于田绿洲稳定的前沿屏障, 有重要的社会生态意义。目前因水系变迁和洪水退缩, 植被衰败, 沙漠化过程发展。从环境、资源生态管理和保护出发, 宜建立克里雅河下游天然绿洲保护区, 确保下游干三角洲天然绿洲的稳定。天然植被的维护更殖再生, 应纳入整个流域水资源生态系统的总体管理之中。

Effect of water in Eco-geographic Environment of the keriya River valley

Water is the dominant factor of eco-geographic environment of the keriya River-According to the distribution of river system,yutian artificial oasis and other natural oases commonly form the ecosystem of the Keriya River valley.The Keriya Riveris belong to mixing suppy type of river, of Which glacial melting snow accounts for 71%. The annual runoff variation is bigger but the inter annual variation is stable and Cv=1.7. Natural replenishment of ground Water mostly comes from the conversion of surface water. Therefore, in the development and utilization of water resource, we should not only analyse the effects of establishing oases in the upper reaches on the lower reaches, but also consider the restraint effect of maintaining natura loases in the lower reaches on the development of artificial oases in upper reaches, making overall plan and taking all factors into consideration. The natural oasis, situated in the northern part and extend more tran 200 km into the Taklimakan Desert and 5-10 km in width along river terracf, river flat and scattered flow area, provides a forefront defence for the Yutian oases. It has importantly social and ecologic significance. At present vegetation hasdeclined due to the changes of river system and flood retreat, desertif icaltion Process is developing. From the viewpoint of ecological management and protection of the environment and resources it is appropriable to establish the physical reserve in lower reaches of the Keriya River, bring the maintenance and regeneration of natural vegetation into overall management of the water resource ecosystem of the whole river valley.