广东沿海杂色鲍养殖群体遗传多样性的微卫星分析

实验选取的7个杂色鲍(Haliotis diversicolor)养殖群体分别来自广东汕头、汕尾、惠东、湛江和徐闻,深圳野生驯养,利用7对微卫星引物对上述群体进行了遗传多样性和群体遗传结构的分析。结果显示:7个位点产生的等位基因数从7～13个不等,共检测到68个等位基因,平均每个位点的等位基因数为9.71个。有效等位基因数的范围为3.8～8.1,平均观测杂合度范围为0.422～0.906,平均期望杂合度范围为0.748～0.917。7个群体的多态信息含量变化范围为0.657～0.883,PIC值均在0.500以上,表现为高度多态性。与两个野生驯养的养殖群体相比,其他5个养殖群体均存在不同程度的遗传多样性降低。AMOVA分析显示,4.79%的遗传变异来自于群体之间,95.21%的变异来自于群体内的个体之间。研究表明,广东沿岸的杂色鲍具有较高的遗传多样性水平,7个群体之间呈现一定的遗传分化。

Studies on the Genetic Structure of Haliotis diversicolor Reeve in Coastal Area of Guangdong Province by Microsatellite Markers

In the present study,Genetic diversity and genetic structure of 7 cultured populations of the Haliotis diversicolor Reeve from Shantou,Shanwei,Huidong,Shenzhen,Zhanjiang,Xuwen(all are in Guangdong Province,China) was analyzed using 7 microsatellite markers.Sixty eight alleles of these seven microsatellite loci were found in these seven populations.The observed number of alleles of these microsatellite loci was 7~13 in each population.The average number of alleles was 9.71,and the average effective number of alleles was 3.8~8.1.The observed population heterozygosity was 0.422~0.906 and the observed expected heterozygosity was 0.748~0.917.The polymorphism of the seven populations were all high,and the PIC of the pupations were 0.657~0.883(PIC>0.5).Comparing with two populations of wild domesticated breeding,the five breeding groups showed different degrees of overall reduction in genetic diversity.AMOVA analysis demonstrated that 95.21% of genentic divergence came from population and 4.79% came from individuals.These results reavealed that the abalones had a higher level of genetic diversity along the coast of Guangdong province and 7 groups showed a certain some genetic differentiation.