塔里木盆地哈拉哈塘地区构造演化及其油气地质意义

哈拉哈塘地区是近年塔里木盆地油气增储上产最重要的地区，开展该区构造演化研究对油气勘探开发具有重要的意义。本文利用哈拉哈塘地区新采集的三维地震资料和钻井资料，通过不整合面分析和平衡剖面恢复技术对研究区构造演化进行了分析，通过地震层拉平恢复了关键目的层中-下奥陶统碳酸盐岩顶面在不同时期的古构造形态。在此基础上，探讨了研究区构造演化对油气藏的控制作用。结果表明：哈拉哈塘地区经历6 个构造演化阶段：早加里东期稳定碳酸盐岩台地阶段、中-晚加里东期南倾斜坡、早海西期西倾斜坡、晚海西-印支期被动凹陷期、燕山-早喜山期稳定沉降期、晚喜山期-现今构造反转定型期。哈拉哈塘地区中-下奥陶统碳酸盐岩顶面从中加里东期开始，长期保持北高南低的斜坡形态，整体构造格局变化不大，只是构造轴线方向、构造高点稍有变化。晚喜山期以来，研究区发生构造反转，中-下奥陶统碳酸盐岩顶面成为西倾鼻状构造。哈拉哈塘地区构造演化控制了奥陶系岩溶储层的发育与油气的富集。中-晚加里东期古构造控制了奥陶系岩溶储层的发育，晚海西期古构造高部位与现今构造高部位叠合区控制了油气富集。

The tectonic evolution and its petroleum geological significance in Halahatang area,Tarim Basin

Halahatang area is an important area for oil and gas production in the Tarim Basin, and it has important significance for oil and gas exploration and development to carry out tectonic evolution study in this area. Based on the newly acquired seismic datas and drilling datas, the tectonic evolution is analyzed by unconformity analysis and balanced cross section, and the paleo-tectonic map of Lower-Middle Ordovician top is restored in different periods by layer flattening technique. And then the control effect of tectonic evolution on oil and gas reservoir is discussed in the study area. The results show that the Halahatang area has experienced 6 stages of tectonic evolution: the stable carbonate platform stage in Early Caledonian, the south dipping slope stage in Middle-Late Caledonian, the west dipping slope stage in Early Hercynian, the passive depression stage in Late Hercynian-Indosinian, the stable subsidence stage in Yanshan-Early Himalayan, the structural reversal and stereotyped stage in late Himalayan and nowadays. The top of Lower-Middle Ordovician keeps the shape of south dipping slope in long-term period from the Middle Caledonian. The overall structural pattern changes little and just the direction of the tectonic axis and structural highs change slightly. Since the Late Himalayan period, the tectonic inversion occurred in the study area, and the top of Lower-Middle Ordovician becomes west dipping nose structure. The tectonic evolution in Halahatang area controls the development of Ordovician karst reservoir and hydrocarbon enrichment.