中国碳酸盐风暴岩发育特征及其地质意义

碳酸盐风暴岩具有重要的古地理和古构造意义,20世纪60-70年代以来,国内外学者就一直对其进行着研究。对比国内外风暴岩研究历程,系统总结近30年来我国碳酸盐风暴岩的研究成果,并归纳风暴岩研究的几点地质意义。我国碳酸盐风暴岩分布在20个省和3个直辖市,层位上分布在中元古界到三叠系,呈现出双峰式分布特征。完整的风暴岩沉积序列从下到上主要有:A—侵蚀底面及砾屑段;B—粒序段;C—平行纹层段;D—丘状纹层段;E1—远源风暴浊流;E2—水平层理泥岩、泥晶灰岩段,其中A段和D段为风暴岩沉积最明显、最有力的证据。结合风暴岩的分布与古地史演化特征,发现古地理环境控制了风暴岩的分布。在此基础上,总结我国碳酸盐风暴岩沉积模式,并阐述我国碳酸盐风暴岩的古纬度与古板块演化意义、古地理意义、地质等时意义和油气矿产意义,以期对碳酸盐风暴岩的研究有所裨益。

Development Characteristics and Geological Significance of Carbonate Tempestites in China

The domestic and abroad research on tempestites since 1960s to 70s indicates that the study of tempestites are of great importance in paleogeography and paleotectonic.In this paper,research histories of tempestites between domestic and abroad are compared,research achievements in carbonate tempestites of China in the past thirty years are summarized systematically,and several geological significances are demonstrated.Carbonate tempestites are distributed widely in 20 provinces and 3 directly governed city regions of China,mainly from Mid-Proterozoic to Triassic with double peak feature stratigraphically.And the complete depositional sequences from bottom to top are composed of: A-erosional base and conglomerates,B-graded bedding,C-parallel lamination,D-hummocky cross-stratification(HCS),E1-distal storm turbidite,E2-mudstone or micrite limestone with horizontal bedding.Among these,sections A and D are the most distinct and powerful evidences.It has been found that the paleogeographic environment controls the distribution of tempestites,by analyzing the distribution of tempestites and the evolution of paleogeologic history.Based on the above research,the carbonate depositional model of tempestites in China is concluded.At last,the significances of paleolatitude and paleoplate evolution,paleogeographic,geological isochronic and hydrocarbon and mineral resources are discussed,looking forward to giving some help to further research on carbonate tempestites in China.