塔里木河下游地下水化学特征对生态输水的响应

结合2000-2002年塔里木河下游5次生态输水过程，通过对沿河40眼地下水监测井采集的水化学资料的分析表明：塔里木河下游地下水化学特征随五次间歇性生态输水发生明显变化。地下水化学对输水的响应表现为初期、中期和后期三个阶段：初期，地下水化学成分中的主要离子含量和矿化度都明显上升：中期逐步下降；输水后期又逐步上升。通过对地下水盐运移机理以及生态输水后地下水化学变化特征的分析得出，单一河道输水方式不如双河道，甚至多河道输水更有利于生态的恢复，另外，生态输水只是对地下水中盐分浓度起到了稀释作用，只有采取一系列工程和管理措施才能使下游水质真正好转。

The Reaction of Groundwater Chemical Characteristics to the Eco-water Conveyance in the Lower Tarim River

Based on the monitoring data collected from 40 monitoring wells at 9 sections in the lower reaches of the Tarim River, the regulation of groundwater chemical variations impacted by eco-water conveyance from May 2000 to November 2002 were studied. It indicates that the groundwater chemical characteristics have changed a lot, due to the impacts of five times intermittent water transport. At the beginning of the impact caused by water transferring, the concentration of main ions and total dissolved solid (TDS) in groundwater increased obviously; in the intermediate stage, the concentration decreased, the speed of the decrease is fast at first and then slow; and in the later stage, the major ions and TDS increased step by step. The movement mechanism of hydro-salinity is also analyzed in this article. Through the discussion of variation of groundwater chemical characteristics, it is found that the impact of eco-water conveyance on groundwater chemical characteristics is only to dilute the consistence, not reducing the amount of salinity. A series of engineering and managing measures should be taken to decrease groundwater salinity.