海南岛西部土地利用变化及其景观格局动态分析

利用1986年、1996年和2003年的3期TM数据，在GIS和FRAGSTAT景观格局分析软件支持下，定量地分析海南岛西部的土地利用类型变化及其景观格局动态特征。结果表明：17 a来各种土地类型变化及其相互之间的转化频率十分频繁。没有发生变化的林地占76.88％、耕地占60.38％、建设用地占52.11％、沙地、水体和草地分别仅占32.64％、28.72％和2.7％。岛西各种土地利用类型的空间格局变化显著，景观异质性增强，破碎度降低而连通性增加。近10多年来，岛西土地利用变化及景观格局动态主要是受自然条件和人为活动干扰共同作用的结果。

Analysis of Land Use and Landscape Pattern Change in West of Hainan Island

Using GIS and landscape pattern theory we analyzed on the typical island landscapes and temporal-spatial feature of land use dynamic change and their ecological conditions at the west of Hainan Island,based on translated data from remote sensing images in 1986,1996 and 2003.The results indicated that the area of forest,grassland and desert had decreased 2.05%(133 km~(2)),4.05%(88.96 km~(2)) and 45.64%(102.76 km~(2)),arable land,build land and water region had increased 2.05%(134 km~(2)),42.05%(102 km~(2)) and 45.64%(108.56 km~(2)),which indicated that the kinds of land use types changed frequently from 1986 to 2003.In the 17 years,the land use types that had not changed were forest(76.88%),arable land(60.38%),build land(52.11%),desert(32.64%),water region(28.72%) and grassland(2.7%).Quantitative analysis showed that the patch of forest,arable land,grassland,build land,water region and desert decreased respectively 622,358,399,248,33 and 303 blocks.At class level,we had calculated the Percentage of Landscape(PLAND),Patch Density(PD),Clumpiness Index(CLUMPY),Interspersion and Juxtaposition Index (IJI),Patch Cohesion Index(COHESION) and Aggregation Index(AI);at landscape level,Contagion Index(CONTAG),Percentage of Like Adjacencies(PLANDJ),Landscape Division Index(DIVISION),Shannon's Diversity Index(SHDI) and Simpson's Diversity Index(SIDI) were calculated.In a word,the impacts of human activity combining with natural conditions are the leading factors that induce dynamic change of the land use and landscape pattern.