洪涝灾害风险监测预警评估综述

随着全球气候变暖,洪涝灾害愈加频繁,灾害风险监测预警评估作为防灾减灾的重要基础成为当前灾害学研究的核心内容之一。本文在总结国内外灾害研究和应用的基础上,阐述了洪涝灾害风险监测预警评估的概念、内容、评估的基本思路和监测预警的技术方法。本文提出：①应结合中国实际,加强洪涝灾害的基础研究,深入机理层面探索洪涝灾害的孕育、发生机制,以及减少洪涝危险性和承灾体脆弱性分析的不确定性。②以研究技术手段的进步促进洪涝灾害风险监测预警评估的发展,改进传感器性能,提高监测精度;综合多源遥感和各种基础数据;进一步发展＂3S＂集成技术。

An Overview of the Risk Assessment of Flood Disaster

Along with the global warming,flood disasters occur more frequently.Monitoring,early warning and assessment for disaster risk are an important way to reduce disaster losses.So it is one of the core issues in the current disaster research.On the basis of the analysis of the disaster risk,this paper described the concept,the content of warning and assessment,and ways of assessment and methods of flood disaster warning in China.This paper argued that in order to reduce flood hazard and the uncertainty of vulnerability analysis,we should explore the mechanism of flood disaster.In addition,monitoring technology was so important for risk assessment that we should improve sensor performance to increase accuracy;integrate multi-source remote sensing data;develop the "3S" integrated technology.