内含裂隙角的恐龙化石轴向受压数值试验及裂纹扩展机理研究

面临众多古生物化石遭受风化破坏的现实,恐龙化石保护是一项世界性难题。化石的风化原因多种多样,其中化石内部裂隙是导致恐龙化石风化、破坏的重要因素。该文以岩石断裂力学为理论依据,模拟分析内含裂隙的恐龙化石在压力作用下的破坏情况。通过数值模拟的方法,进行了内含裂隙恐龙化石数值压缩试验,并对内含裂隙的恐龙化石裂纹扩展机理进行了研究。研究结果表明,随着裂隙角度增大,开裂角逐渐减小,裂隙处特别是两端应力集中,其他部位应力较低、分布均匀;裂纹扩展是从裂纹尖端起裂,最终裂纹扩展到边缘。此研究结果为揭示恐龙化石风化机理和开展保护提供了基础参考资料。

Numerical Experiment on Axial Comression of Dinosaur Fossils Containing Fracture Angle and Study on Crack Growth Mechanism

Dinosaur fossil conservation is a worldwide problem. The weathering causes of fossils are various, among which the internal fissures of fossils are the important factors leading to the weathering and destruction of dinosaur fossils. Based on the theory of rock fracture mechanics, the failure of dinosaur fossils with cracks under pressure has been simulated and analyzed. The numerical compression tests of dinosaur fossils with cracks have been carried out by means of numerical simulation, and the crack propagation mechanism of dinosaur fossils with cracks has been studied. It is showed that with the increase of the crack angle, the crack angle decreases gradually, and the stress concentration at the crack, especially at both ends, is low and evenly distributes in other parts. The crack propagation starts at the crack tip and eventually extends to the edge. This result will provide basic references for revealing the weathering mechanism of dinosaur fossils and developing conservation.