表层洋流对外强迫响应敏感度的数值研究

利用数值模拟研究了海表流场对外强迫（风应力和海表热通量）的响应特征,探讨了其对该类外强迫异常响应的敏感性以及较敏感区域。在确认本文所用的海洋环流模式能够较好地模拟表层海洋流场的气候状态之后,通过几个敏感性试验与控制（对照）试验结果的比较,发现海洋表层环流对海表风应力异常响应的敏感区域主要在赤道附近及大洋西边界海区;相对于热带外地区,热带海域（20°S～20°N）的风应力异常对于大洋表层环流的变化有着更重要的显著作用,它不仅会导致热带海域表层流场有较大的变化,对中高纬海区的表层流场特别是西边界流也有明显影响;海洋表层环流对海表热通量异常的响应除了在赤道附近海域明显之外,在中高纬海区也十分显著;在外强迫有同等异常幅度（20%）的情况下,大洋西边界海域对热通量的响应明显要强于对风应力的响应。此外,热通量异常还对南太平洋东海岸的洋流和南极大陆的绕极环流有较为明显的影响。

Simulation studies on the response sensitivity of sea surface flow to external forcing

The response characters of sea surface flow to external forcing（wind stress and sea surface heat flux）and the more sensitive areas are analyzed by some numerical simulations.It is found that the more sensitive response area of sea surface circulation to wind stress is located near the equator and the west boundary of ocean according to the simulation results in the control run and sensitivity experiments.Corresponding to that over the extratropical region,the wind stress anomaly over the tropics（20°S—20°N）is greater and more significant impact on the sea surface circulation over tropic sea and also east boundary flow in the mid-and high-altitude.The response of sea surface circulanton to sea surface heat flux anomaly is significant over tropic sea and also east boundary flow in the mid-and high-altitude.The east boundary flow in Atlantic is more sensitive to sea surface heat flux than wind stress by the same external forcing（20%）.The sea surface heat flux anomaly could have some influence on east boundary flow in the southern Pacific Ocean and the circumpolar flow around Antarctic continent.