基于RUSLE的流域土壤侵蚀敏感性评价——以福建省吉溪流域为例

以修正的通用水土流失方程(RUSLE)为核心,在分析流域土壤侵蚀敏感性影响因子的基础上,运用G IS技术对各敏感因子值进行估算,结合已有研究成果探讨了定量化的流域土壤侵蚀敏感性评价指标体系的建立,并以吉溪流域为例进行土壤侵蚀敏感性评价。同时分析了该流域土壤侵蚀敏感性与土壤侵蚀量的关系。最后,针对不同的流域土壤侵蚀敏感等级提出了相应的管理措施和建议。

Assessment of Soil Erosion Sensitivity in Watershed Based on RUSLE——A Case Study of Jixi Watershed

The watershed inventory data derived in 2001 and 2003,the data including physiognomy,vegetation,rainfall,and RUSLE is combined to estimate the soil erosion sensitivity based on GIS and the RS data.By using the pertinent research for reference,the factors which influence the watershed erosion sensitivity was estimated by GIS.The index of watershed erosion sensitivity indicators was developed for the Jixi Watershed.And the study assesses the soil erosion sensitivity of Jixi Watershed in 2001 and 2003,compares the relation of soil erosion sensitivity and soil erosion.It shows that the annual soil erosion amount of Jixi Watershed is 2 339.21 t/km2 and in the category of light degree erosion.The situation of soil erosion of 2003 is better than the one in 2001.There is a great change of the moderate sensitivity area as well as the high sensitivity area between 2001 and 2003.From 2001 to 2003,the low sensitivity area has the largest proportion with 57.60% and 69.37%,the moderate and high sensitivity areas have the tendency of reducing.The study also shows that the high sensitive area always has the large soil loss and soil erosion amount.At last,this article gives some suggestions and measures for the worse situation.This article is able to support the practice work of soil erosion prevention,monitoring management as well as the land use in watershed.Meanwhile,the development of the index system can also benefit the theory of watershed planning and management.