金沙江中游巴塘县地质灾害发育特征及成灾规律分析

金沙江流域地处青藏高原东南缘，地跨我国地势一、二阶梯过渡带，地质环境条件脆弱，属地质灾害高易发区。巴塘县位于金沙江中游，目前调查发现各类地质灾害隐患点486处，以泥石流和不稳定斜坡为主。其中泥石流151处，不稳定斜坡133处，崩塌109处，滑坡93处。通过对巴塘县地质灾害详细调查与测绘，对地质灾害的发育特征、分布规律及其影响因素进行了深入研究，结果表明：（1）巴塘县地质灾害发育类型多，点多面广、密度大，分布不均衡，成条带、群片状分布；（2）地质灾害的分布与地形地貌有密切的关系。主要沿金沙江高山峡谷区及其支沟流域的深切河谷区、丘状高原与峡谷区的地形转折带集中分布。大多数的不稳定斜坡、崩塌、滑坡发育在高程2500～3500m。（3）地质灾害受地质构造控制，时空分布差异明显。地质灾害隐患点集中沿巴塘－莫西活动构造带、金沙江构造带分布。（4）不同的岩性决定了地质灾害的类型。滑坡、不稳定斜坡主要发生在第四系松散土体中，崩塌主要发育于岩浆岩、玄武岩、火山岩、细砂岩等硬岩、较硬岩岩体；软的石英片岩、绢云片岩、绿片岩为主的岩组，岩石破碎，为泥石流提供丰富的物源。

Characteristics and disastrous rule research of geohazards batang county,the middle reaches of Jinsha river

Jinsha River is located in the southeast margin of the Qinghai-Tibet plateau, across terrain one, two steptransition zone in our country. The geological environment conditions is fragile, the geohazards occur frequent. Batangcounty is located in the middle reaches of Jinsha River, According to the geohazards detailed investigation, thedevelopment of all kinds of geohazards are 486, landslide 93; collapse 109; debris flow 51 ;unstable slope 133. OnBasis of detail surveying and mapping, studying characteristics, distribution and influencing factors of geohazards, theresults show that： （1） Geohazards in Batang County are widely distributed high density, uneven distribution, stripsand group of patchy distribution. （2）There has a close relationship between distribution of geohazards andgeomorphology. Geohazards mainly develop along the Jinsha River Alpine Valley Region, deep river valley area of itsbranch, terrain twist belt between hummocky plateau and valley area of its branch. Most instability slope, collapseand landslide develop in elevation 2500-3500 m. （3） Geohazards＇ space-time distribution is obvious by controlling ofgeological structures, which is Intensive development along Batang--Moxi fault zone and Jinsha river tectonic beltarea. （4） Different lithology determines the type of geohazards. Landslides, instability slope mainly occur in thequaternary loose soil; collapse mainly development in magmatic rock, basalt, volcanic collapse, fine sandstone andother hard rock mass; Most of serieite schist, quartz schist, green schist, are soft and broken, which provideabundant sources for debris flow.