海洋深部地震勘探技术

从国内外海洋油气资源的勘探开发来看 ,海洋 (中 )深部地震勘探技术是海洋探测和油气勘探的一种支柱技术 ,也是获取海洋环境、资源、能源、权益信息的重要技术手段。由于海洋地质构造的复杂性 ,海洋 (中 )深部地震勘探技术具有其自身的特殊性 ,主要表现在数据采集和数据处理两个方面。文中阐述了海上中深层单分量地震勘探数据采集和处理方面的若干关键技术。数据采集包含 :震源特性、电缆质量、高分辨率大动态范围的 2 4位数字地震仪、合理的观测系统、设计参数选择和仪器接收记录因素的选择。数据处理中有 :静校正、吸收补偿、压制多次波等干扰、多次折射波的消除和偏移等。文中列举的若干重点技术 ,特别是在采集处理方面的相关问题也是国际上研究的重点和难点。发展海上中深部地震勘探技术 ,可以提高我国海上油气资源勘探和地质调查的整体水平 ,增加国际上的竞争实力

SEISMIC EXPLORATION IN DEEP OCEAN

According to the worldwide offshore oil gas resources, seismic exploration targeted (middle) deep layer is the major method for acquisition for the information of ocean environment, resources and country's sovereign There are many characteristics in targeted deep layer seismic survey because of the complexity of ocean structure This paper discussed the two key problems—seismic data acquisition and data processing. This paper described some key techniques on data acquisition and data processing in one component marine seismic exploration. Data acquisition includes source character, cable quality, high resolution wide dynamic range 24 bit digital seismometer, reasonable geometry parameters, and recorder factors etc. Seismic processing contains static correction, absorb compensation, multiple attenuation, multiple refraction elimination, and migration etc. The key techniques in data acquisition described in this paper are very hot in the world for marine seismic exploration. Developing seismic exploration in deep ocean may improve the comprehensive abilities for our country's marine oil gas exploration.