农户生计资本与生计策略关系的实证分析——以河西走廊沙化土地封禁保护区外围为例

从农户可持续生计框架出发,以河西走廊六县为调研对象,建立了农户生计指标体系并对其进行评估,从而揭示了当地农户生计资本与生计策略之间的影响关系。结果表明:(1)无论是项目组还是对照组,农户的5种生计资本整体比较稀缺,其中自然资本和金融资本极度匮乏,而人力资本、社会资本和物质资本相对较丰富,因此农户生计资本单一且配置极不合理,从而导致农户脆弱性程度高。(2)自然资本、人力资本和物质资本对农户生计策略的影响比较显著,其中自然资本和物质资本丰富的农户往往倾向于选择农业生产,而人力资本丰富的农户往往倾向于选择非农产业。(3)经定量评估对照组农户的农业兼业化程度要比项目组农户高。基于此,政府可以采取诸多措施来改善农户的生计现状,从而提升农户的生计水平,进一步转变当地农业的发展模式,缓解生态压力。

Empirical Analysis of Relationship between Farmers' Livelihood Capital and Livelihood Strategies:a case of Hexi Corridor closing area for protection of desertified land perimeter

From farmers' sustainable livelihoods framework, we took the Hexi Corridor six counties as investigation object, and established the farmers' livelihood index system for quantitative analysis, which revealed the impact of the relationship between the livelihood assets and strategies. The results showed that: (1)Whether the project group or the control group, the five farmers livelihood assets relatively scared, particular the natural and financial assets were extremely scarce, so the allocation of farmers livelihood assets were unreasonable, resulting in a high degree of farmers' vulnerability. (2)The natural assets, the human assets and the physical assets were significant to farmers' livelihood strategies, including the farmers of the natural and physical assets-rich tended to select agricultural production, and the farmers of the human assets-rich tended to select non-agricultural industries. (3)The degree of industry and agriculture, the farmers in the control group were higher than the project group's. Based on these, the government could take many measures to improve the farmers' livelihood assets, achieve diversification of farmers' livelihood, enhance the level of farmers' livelihood, and further change the development model of local agriculture and ease the pressure on the local ecology.