Combining Argo profiles with a general circulation model in the North Atlantic. Part 2: Realistic transports and improved hydrography,between spring 2002 and spring 2003 |
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| Institution: | 1. Department of Earth, Atmospheric and Planetary Sciences, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Room 54-1517, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA;2. Laboratoire de Physique des Océans, UMR 6523, CNRS-Ifremer-UBO, Ifremer Centre de Brest B.P. 70, 29280 Plouzané, France;1. Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of New Brunswick, Fredericton, New Brunswick, Canada;2. Systems Engineering Department, King Fahd University of Petroleum & Minerals, Dhahran 31261, Saudi Arabia;1. Federal University of Minas Gerais, Brazil;2. Department of Speech Therapy and Audiology at the Federal University of Minas Gerais, Brazil;3. Clinical Coordinator at the Neurofibromatosis Outpatient Reference Center (NFRC), Dermatology Service, Clinics Hospital of the Federal University of Minas Gerais, Brazil;4. Clinical Director of NFRC, Department of Internal Medicine, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Brazil;1. Department of Epidemiology, Johns Hopkins University Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, Maryland;2. Department of Biostatistics, Johns Hopkins University Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, Maryland;3. Moran Eye Center and Department of Ophthalmology, University of Utah School of Medicine, Salt Lake City, Utah;4. Wilmer Eye Institute and the Department of Ophthalmology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland;5. Bascom Palmer Eye Institute and Department of Ophthalmology, University of Miami School of Medicine, Miami, Florida;6. Departments of Ophthalmology and Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York;1. Department of Anatomy and Image, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Minas Gerais, Brazil;2. School of Medicine, Federal University of Ouro Preto, Minas Gerais, Brazil;3. Reference Centre on Workers'' Health, Clinical Hospital, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Minas Gerais, Brazil;4. Diagnostic Centre, Clinical Hospital, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Minas Gerais, Brazil;5. Department of Diagnostic Radiology, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil;1. Department of Biochemistry, Molecular Biology, and Biophysics, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA;2. Department of Chemistry, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA;3. Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California at San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA |
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| Abstract: | A set of Argo profiles collected in the North Atlantic between May 2002 and April 2003 is combined with a low-resolution general circulation model (GCM) using the adjoint method. Fitting the real hydrographic observations leads to vast improvements in the model circulation, including the sea surface height and the meridional heat transport. We find striking differences in basin-scale transports compared with previous assimilation experiments that use the same GCM and a similar spatial resolution. Based on forward modeling studies, it is argued that these differences are due to different assimilation experiment durations. Over 1 year, the hydrography interpolated with the GCM from Argo profiles better represents the contemporary structures than does a long-term averaged climatology. The GCM dynamics are robust enough to distinguish between contemporary hydrography and climatological hydrography. |
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