武汉城市化进程对湖泊景观格局的空间非平稳性影响分析

武汉城市化过程中的土地利用变化对其湖泊生态系统产生了一系列负面影响,深入研究并分析其影响的空间非平稳性对优化武汉城市化建设和环境保护规划极具现实意义。本文运用景观生态学理论和地理加权回归建模方法,分别构建城市化测度指标和多种类型景观格局指标,衡量武汉城市化进程对于湖泊特征、景观格局的影响,从而揭示了1996~2013年间武汉城市化进程与湖泊景观格局之间的空间非平稳性关系,结果表明:1武汉城市化进程对其不同地理区域的湖泊景观格局影响存在差异,具体表现为城市化强度越大的地区,其引起并解释湖泊景观格局变化的能力越强;2在武汉市大部分地区(超过其总面积的70%),尤其集中在中部及其周边地区,城市化与湖泊景观面积、密度、连通度、斑块分维数的变化均存在负相关,且具有呈方向性的梯度变化趋势。3在某些有针对性保护的区域,如北部黄陂区,景观面积、景观连通度、斑块分维数与城市化强度指数呈现出正相关。针对上述特征本研究提出武汉市湖泊防治的对策和建议。

Analysis of the Spatial Non-stationarity Relationship between Urbanization and Landscape Pattern of Lakes in Wuhan City

In recent years the development of urbanization is rapid, and the urbanization process of population and land use change are bound to be a series of negative influence on urban ecosystem. At the same time, the urban landscape ecological components and spatial structure has been changed and landscape connectivity and threatening the stability of the landscape pattern has been affected by the high frequency and high intensity artificial disturbance in urbanization. To reveal the relationship between urbanization and landscape pattern of lakes in Wuhan, this study utilizes landscape ecology theories and geographical weighted regression (GWR) to separately define the indicators of urbanization and various kinds of landscape pattern and investigates the effect of urbanization on landscape pattern of lakes. The results show that urbanization has a significant spatial non-stationary effect on features and pattern of lakes at different location. Besides, in most regions of Wuhan, there is a negative correlation between urbanization and lakes' area, and the density, mutual continuity and complexity of geometrical morphology present a directional gradient trend. Finally, in some regions like Huangpi Region of Wuhan City, there is a positive correlation between urbanization and landscape area, landscape connectivity and plate fractal dimension.