盐湖地下卤水的开采技术及其展望

我国是农业大国,钾肥的需求量巨大,目前钾肥供应主要来源于柴达木盆地。由于目前的技术限制,钾资源的开发还局限于浅部,无法满足我国钾肥的需求,大部分钾肥还依赖于进口。总结和对比井采技术、渠采技术和CO2地质封存与深部卤水联合注采技术(CO2-EWR)表明,对浅层地下卤水的开采,井采技术和渠采技术适用,但两种技术使采卤泵、采卤管道和输卤渠容易堵塞;并且井采技术投资较大,渠采技术可能导致地下水循环受阻,因而会出现大面积的疏干区。CO2-EWR适合开采深部卤水,虽然该技术的一次性投入较大,但该技术一方面将CO2存储在深部卤水层中,另一方面将卤水驱替出含水层,是一种新型的碳捕集、利用与封存的技术(CCUS)。随着浅层卤水资源的耗竭,开展深部卤水资源的开采利用势在必行,CO2-EWR技术应用会越来越广泛。

Research Advance of the Salt Lake Underground Brine Extraction Technology

:As an agricultural country, China demands for enormous potash,and the potash supply mainly comes from Qaidam basin at present. Due to the technical limitations, the development of potash resources are limited in the shallow, unable to meet the demand in our country, most of the potash depends on the import. In this paper, we had summarized and compared the three methods of Well-extraction technology, Canal-extraction technology and CO₂ enhanced water recovery (CO₂-EWR). It is show that, for the shallow brine extraction, both Well-extraction and Canal-extraction technology are applicable, but there are have disadvantages. First, the two technologies lead the brine extraction pump, brine pipeline and lose halide canal to blocking; Second, Well-extraction technology needs great investment, Canal-extraction technology may result in water circulation frustration that will bring a large area of drainage. CO₂-EWR technology is suitable for deep brine extraction, although it is larger investment at first of the technology. On the one hand, the technology stores the CO₂ in deep brine formations, on the other hand, it displaces the deep brine from the aquifer. It is a new type of carbon capture, utilization and storage technology (CCUS). With the shallow brine is runout, to carried out deep brine resources extraction is important. Therefore, the CO₂-EWR technology applications will be more and more widely.