既有大跨度混凝土拱桥震害机理分析

以汶川地震中遭到严重破坏的金花大桥作为工程实例,基于现场震害调查资料和数值分析来研究金花大桥地震破坏机理。现场震害调查发现,金花大桥震害主要集中在主拱肋和拱上立柱,表现为混凝土开裂和拱上立柱环向裂缝等。数值分析结果表明,在地震荷载作用下主拱肋的拱脚截面抗弯能力比地震需求小,会出现弯曲破坏,拱顶截面抗震能力满足抗震需求;8#拱上立柱在柱底会发生弯曲开裂。数值分析结果与震害调查具有一致性,可为大跨度拱桥抗震设计提供参考。

Mechanism of Seismic Damage of a Large-span Concrete Arch Bridge

The study of the damage mechanism of bridges is an important procedure that turns seismic damage investigation results into a practical technology. The damage features of arch bridges during the Wenchuan earthquake of 2008 differ from those of other earthquakes. Based on the data collected from the Wenchuan earthquake, the seismic damage mechanism of the Jinhua bridge was studied through post-earthquake investigation and numerical analysis. From the site-damage survey, it was found that the Jinhua bridge damage was mainly concentrated in the main rib and arch column, showing mainly concrete cracking and ring cracks of the arch column. The damage mechanism of the rib arch and arch column was simulated by FEM analysis, and the simulation results showed that under seismic loads, the flexural capacity of the spring cross-section of the main rib arch did not meet seismic requirements, while that of the vault cross-section did meet the requirements; flexural cracking appeared at the bottom section of the 8^# arch column. It was concluded that the simulation results agreed well with post-earthquake investigation, and they can provide references for the seismic design of long-span arch bridges in mountainous areas with higher intensity. This paper also proposes some countermeasures for bridge design and construction techniques to minimize typical earthquake damage, and hopes to provide references for future bridge construction.