秦岭太白山的辐射状况

本文根据1979年夏季在秦岭太白山布点观测的结果分析了辐射平衡各分量在高山上与山下平地的差异及其随海拔高度的变化规律,同时也分析了太白山南北两面水平面及坡面上辐射平衡各分量的差异及下垫面反射率与坡地方位的关系。此外,还提出了消除地形对直接太阳辐射和散射辐射影响的方法及计算日平均反射率的合理方法。

THE RALIATION REGIME IN TAPAISHAN

Based on the observations from the 30th of July to loth of August 1979, we have analyzed the radiation regime in Tapaishan, the highest mountain (3767 meters high) in the Tsinling Mountions.The main results are as follows.1) The variations of direct solar radiation S, diffuse radiation D, total solar radiation Q and effective radiation E with elevation are shown in Fig 3, 4 and can be described by Eg. (8), (9), (10) and (11) respectively.2) The transparency of atmosphere in the south of mountain is less than that in the north of the mountain, and, therefore, the direct solar radiation is weaker and the diffuse radiation is stronger in the south than in the north of the mountain.3) On the south slope the direct, diffuse and total solar radiation are about 16%, 60% and 23% greater than those on the north slope respectively.4) In conditions of similar underlying surfaces, the albedo of slope varies with slope orientation.It is less in south slope than in north slope.5) The mean daily albedo should be calculated by the ratio of the daily amount of reflected radiation to that of total radiation, or by formula (14). The simple method to calculate mean daily albedo by arithmetic mean may lead to serious errors.